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Utility-scale energy storage in an imperfectly competitive power sector

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  • Virasjoki, Vilma
  • Siddiqui, Afzal S.
  • Oliveira, Fabricio
  • Salo, Ahti

Abstract

Interest in sustainability has increased the share of variable renewable energy sources (VRES) in power generation. Energy storage systems' potential to mitigate intermittencies from non-dispatchable VRES has enhanced their appeal. However, the impacts of storage vary based on the owner and market conditions. We examine the policy implications of investments in utility-scale battery storage via a bi-level optimization model. The lower level depicts power system operations, modeled as either perfect competition or Cournot oligopoly to allow for the assessment of producer market power. The upper-level investor is either a welfare-maximizer or a profit-maximizing standalone merchant to reflect either welfare enhancement or arbitrage, respectively. We implement a realistic case study for Western Europe based on all possible size-location storage investment combinations. We find that market competition affects investment sizes, locations, and their profitability more than the investor's objectives. A welfare-maximizer under perfect competition invests the most in storage capacity. Consumers typically gain most from storage investments in all cases, exceeding the gains for the investors. Specifically, our results show that storage investments may either not occur or be located differently than at social optimum, if market power is exerted. Thus, policy makers need to anticipate producer market power when setting regulation.

Suggested Citation

  • Virasjoki, Vilma & Siddiqui, Afzal S. & Oliveira, Fabricio & Salo, Ahti, 2020. "Utility-scale energy storage in an imperfectly competitive power sector," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:eneeco:v:88:y:2020:i:c:s0140988320300554
    DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2020.104716
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Nikita Belyak & Steven A. Gabriel & Nikolay Khabarov & Fabricio Oliveira, 2023. "Renewable Energy Expansion under Taxes and Subsidies: A Transmission Operator's Perspective," Papers 2302.10562, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2024.
    3. Dirk Lauinger & Franc{c}ois Vuille & Daniel Kuhn, 2023. "Frequency Regulation with Storage: On Losses and Profits," Papers 2306.02987, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2024.
    4. Hassanzadeh Moghimi, Farzad & Boomsma, Trine K. & Siddiqui, Afzal S., 2024. "Transmission planning in an imperfectly competitive power sector with environmental externalities," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    5. Tiago Andrade & Nikita Belyak & Andrew Eberhard & Silvio Hamacher & Fabricio Oliveira, 2022. "The p-Lagrangian relaxation for separable nonconvex MIQCQP problems," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 84(1), pages 43-76, September.
    6. Victor-Gallardo, Luis & Quirós-Tortós, Jairo, 2023. "Techno-economic comparison of centralized and distributed power generation to support large-scale transport electrification in Costa Rica," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 120-138.

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