IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/ecofin/v50y2019ics1062940818306028.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Generalizing the reflection principle of Brownian motion, and closed-form pricing of barrier options and autocallable investments

Author

Listed:
  • Lee, Hangsuck
  • Ahn, Soohan
  • Ko, Bangwon

Abstract

In this paper, we intend to generalize the well-known reflection principle, one of the most interesting properties of the Brownian motion. The essence of our generalization lies in its ability to stochastically eliminate arbitrary number of partial maximums (or minimums) in the joint events associated with the Brownian motion, thereby allowing us to express the joint probabilities in terms of the multivariate normal distribution functions. Due to the simplicity and versatility, our generalized reflection principle can be used to solve many probabilistic problems pertaining to the Brownian motion. To illustrate, we consider evaluating barrier options and autocallable structured product. Using the basic inclusion-exclusion principle, we obtain integrated pricing formulas for various barrier options under the Black-Scholes model, and derive an explicit pricing formula for the autocallable product, which is not known yet despite its popularity. These formulas are explored through numerical examples. The method of Esscher transform demonstrates its time-honored value during the derivation process.

Suggested Citation

  • Lee, Hangsuck & Ahn, Soohan & Ko, Bangwon, 2019. "Generalizing the reflection principle of Brownian motion, and closed-form pricing of barrier options and autocallable investments," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecofin:v:50:y:2019:i:c:s1062940818306028
    DOI: 10.1016/j.najef.2019.101014
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1062940818306028
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.najef.2019.101014?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lee, Hangsuck, 2003. "Pricing equity-indexed annuities with path-dependent options," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(3), pages 677-690, December.
    2. Serena Tiong, 2000. "Valuing Equity-Indexed Annuities," North American Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 4(4), pages 149-163.
    3. Tristan Guillaume, 2015. "Autocallable Structured Products," Post-Print hal-02979985, HAL.
    4. Gerber, Hans U. & Shiu, Elias S.W. & Yang, Hailiang, 2012. "Valuing equity-linked death benefits and other contingent options: A discounted density approach," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(1), pages 73-92.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Lee, Hangsuck & Ha, Hongjun & Lee, Minha, 2021. "Valuation of piecewise linear barrier options," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    2. Hangsuck Lee & Gaeun Lee & Seongjoo Song, 2022. "Multi‐step reflection principle and barrier options," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(4), pages 692-721, April.
    3. Lee, Hangsuck & Lee, Minha & Ko, Bangwon, 2022. "A semi-analytic valuation of two-asset barrier options and autocallable products using Brownian bridge," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    4. Lee, Hangsuck & Ha, Hongjun & Kong, Byungdoo & Lee, Minha, 2023. "Pricing multi-step double barrier options by the efficient non-crossing probability," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    5. Lee, Hangsuck & Kim, Eunchae & Ko, Bangwon, 2022. "Valuing lookback options with barrier," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hangsuck Lee & Gaeun Lee & Seongjoo Song, 2021. "Multi-step Reflection Principle and Barrier Options," Papers 2105.15008, arXiv.org.
    2. Kirkby, J. Lars & Nguyen, Duy, 2021. "Equity-linked Guaranteed Minimum Death Benefits with dollar cost averaging," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 408-428.
    3. Lee, Hangsuck & Lee, Gaeun & Song, Seongjoo, 2023. "Min–max multi-step barrier options and their variants," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    4. Lee, Hangsuck & Ko, Bangwon & Song, Seongjoo, 2019. "Valuing step barrier options and their icicled variations," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 396-411.
    5. Liang, Xiaoqing & Tsai, Cary Chi-Liang & Lu, Yi, 2016. "Valuing guaranteed equity-linked contracts under piecewise constant forces of mortality," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 150-161.
    6. Feng, Runhuan & Shimizu, Yasutaka, 2016. "Applications of central limit theorems for equity-linked insurance," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 138-148.
    7. Hangsuck Lee & Gaeun Lee & Seongjoo Song, 2022. "Multi‐step reflection principle and barrier options," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(4), pages 692-721, April.
    8. Qian, Linyi & Wang, Wei & Wang, Rongming & Tang, Yincai, 2010. "Valuation of equity-indexed annuity under stochastic mortality and interest rate," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(2), pages 123-129, October.
    9. Fan, Kun & Shen, Yang & Siu, Tak Kuen & Wang, Rongming, 2015. "Pricing annuity guarantees under a double regime-switching model," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 62-78.
    10. Gerber, Hans U. & Shiu, Elias S.W. & Yang, Hailiang, 2015. "Geometric stopping of a random walk and its applications to valuing equity-linked death benefits," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 313-325.
    11. Hainaut, Donatien, 2016. "Impact of volatility clustering on equity indexed annuities," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 367-381.
    12. Pansera, Jérôme, 2012. "Discrete-time local risk minimization of payment processes and applications to equity-linked life-insurance contracts," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(1), pages 1-11.
    13. Lee, Hangsuck & Lee, Minha & Ko, Bangwon, 2022. "A semi-analytic valuation of two-asset barrier options and autocallable products using Brownian bridge," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    14. Zhou, Jiang & Wu, Lan, 2015. "The time of deducting fees for variable annuities under the state-dependent fee structure," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 125-134.
    15. Kijima, Masaaki & Wong, Tony, 2007. "Pricing of Ratchet equity-indexed annuities under stochastic interest rates," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(3), pages 317-338, November.
    16. Lee, Hangsuck & Kim, Eunchae & Ko, Bangwon, 2022. "Valuing lookback options with barrier," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    17. Yuanchuang Shan & Huisheng Shu & Haoran Yi, 2023. "Pricing Equity-Indexed Annuities under a Stochastic Dividend Model," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-12, January.
    18. Lee, David, 2023. "An Analytic Solution for Valuing Guaranteed Equity Securities," MPRA Paper 117775, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    19. Gaillardetz Patrice & El Khoury Samia, 2020. "Dynamic Hedging Strategies Based on Changing Pricing Parameters for Compound Ratchets," Asia-Pacific Journal of Risk and Insurance, De Gruyter, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, January.
    20. Chiu, Yu-Fen & Hsieh, Ming-Hua & Tsai, Chenghsien, 2019. "Valuation and analysis on complex equity indexed annuities," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Autocallable structured product; Black-Scholes model; Esscher transform; Icicled barrier option; Reflection principle;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
    • G22 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Insurance; Insurance Companies; Actuarial Studies

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:ecofin:v:50:y:2019:i:c:s1062940818306028. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/620163 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.