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Heterogeneity in population and values and water pollution clean-up: The Ganges in Kanpur and Varanasi, India

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  • Batabyal, Amitrajeet A.
  • Yoo, Seung Jick

Abstract

We utilize the public good features of Ganges water pollution clean-up and conduct a game-theoretic analysis of an economy consisting of two Indian cities, Kanpur and Varanasi, through which the Ganges flows. We show how heterogeneity in the two cities in population and the value placed on pollution clean-up determines whether clean-up ought to be centralized or decentralized. Under decentralization, in several scenarios, it is optimal for only one city to clean-up pollution. Under centralization, this exclusive clean-up of pollution is suboptimal but the amount of pollution cleaned up can be larger or smaller than the amount cleaned up under decentralization. We note the broader environmental and public health implications of pollution control and contend that the two differences between Kanpur and Varanasi and the use of majority voting are key factors to consider when pondering how much pollution to clean up in this economy and in other settings.

Suggested Citation

  • Batabyal, Amitrajeet A. & Yoo, Seung Jick, 2024. "Heterogeneity in population and values and water pollution clean-up: The Ganges in Kanpur and Varanasi, India," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 1527-1534.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecanpo:v:81:y:2024:i:c:p:1527-1534
    DOI: 10.1016/j.eap.2024.02.030
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    5. Amitrajeet A. Batabyal, 2023. "Tanneries in Kanpur and pollution in the Ganges: A theoretical analysis," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(5), pages 1114-1123, June.
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    9. Xing, Shiqi & Batabyal, Amitrajeet, 2019. "A Safe Minimum Standard, an Elasticity of Substitution, and the Cleanup of the Ganges in Varanasi," MPRA Paper 93846, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 15 Mar 2019.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Clean-up; Ganges river; Population difference; Values difference; Water pollution;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q53 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth
    • D81 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty

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