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Perspectives of elementary school educators in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and the US on disability, stigmatization and children's developing self

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  • Kayama, Misa
  • Haight, Wendy
  • Ku, May Lee
  • Cho, Minhae
  • Lee, Hee Yun

Abstract

The stigmatization of children with disabilities at school is a culturally widespread social justice challenge. The paper is the second of a two-part series. In the first paper (Haight, Kayama, Ku, Cho, & Lee, 2016), we described the problem of stigmatization from the perspectives of experienced elementary school educators in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and the US. In this paper, we focus on the solutions provided by these same educators; specifically, their perspectives on socialization practices to minimize stigmatization and support the development of self for children with disabilities and their typically-developing peers. We conducted cross-cultural analyses of individual, semi-structured, audio recorded interviews with 26 Japanese, 43 South Korean, 16 Taiwanese and 18 US educators, including school social workers. Educators from all research sites described socialization practices to support children with disabilities and their typically-developing peers. For children with disabilities, US educators focused on individualized support provided in private to minimize stigmatization. East Asian educators intentionally involved peers in supporting children with disabilities. For typically-developing peers, educators described cultivating empathy (Japan), providing formal disability awareness programs (South Korea), teaching moral values (Taiwan) and respecting individual differences (US). We discuss these socialization practices within educators' sociocultural-historical contexts. Educators' perspectives can be used to develop culture- and stigma-sensitive intervention programs for children with disabilities and their peers.

Suggested Citation

  • Kayama, Misa & Haight, Wendy & Ku, May Lee & Cho, Minhae & Lee, Hee Yun, 2016. "Perspectives of elementary school educators in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and the US on disability, stigmatization and children's developing self," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 403-418.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:70:y:2016:i:c:p:403-418
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.10.009
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Haight, Wendy & Kayama, Misa & Ku, May-Lee (Mary) & Cho, Minhae & Lee, Hee Yun, 2016. "Perspectives of elementary school educators in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and the US on disability, stigmatization and children's developing self Part 1: Defining the problem in cultural context," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 214-228.
    2. Kayama, Misa & Haight, Wendy & Kincaid, Tamara & Evans, Kelly, 2015. "Local implementation of disability policies for “high incidence” disabilities at public schools in Japan and the U.S," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 34-44.
    3. Yang, Lawrence Hsin & Kleinman, Arthur & Link, Bruce G. & Phelan, Jo C. & Lee, Sing & Good, Byron, 2007. "Culture and stigma: Adding moral experience to stigma theory," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 64(7), pages 1524-1535, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kayama, Misa & Haight, Wendy, 2018. "Balancing the stigmatization risks of disability labels against the benefits of special education: Japanese parents' perceptions," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 43-53.
    2. Kayama, Misa, 2017. "Development of children's understandings of physical disabilities and stigmatization in a Japanese cultural context: Reflections of children in second through sixth grades," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 190-200.
    3. Cho, Minhae & Yun, Heejung & Haight, Wendy, 2020. "Courtesy stigma from the perspectives of elementary school educators in South Korea," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    4. Kayama, Misa & Haight, Wendy & Ku, May Lee Mary & Cho, Minhae & Lee, Hee Yun, 2017. "East Asian and US educators' reflections on how stigmatization affects their relationships with parents whose children have disabilities: Challenges and solutions," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 128-144.
    5. Kayama, Misa & Johnstone, Christopher & Limaye, Sandhya, 2019. "Adjusting the “self” in social interaction: Disability and stigmatization in India," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 463-474.
    6. Haight, Wendy & Kayama, Misa & Ku, May-Lee (Mary) & Cho, Minhae & Lee, Hee Yun, 2016. "Perspectives of elementary school educators in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and the US on disability, stigmatization and children's developing self Part 1: Defining the problem in cultural context," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 214-228.

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