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Crossover youth post arrest: Placement status and recidivism

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  • Huang, Hui
  • Ryan, Joseph P.
  • Sappleton, Antoinette
  • Chiu, Yu-Ling

Abstract

The association between child maltreatment and juvenile delinquency is well established. Maltreated youth experience significantly higher delinquency rates than their peers. Studies report that placement instability in substitute care and placement in congregate settings (e.g., group homes) contribute to higher rates of offending. To date, no studies have focused on the judicial response and the likelihood of continued offending. The current study investigates the association between post-arrest placement decisions and recidivism. We analyze administrative records from the Los Angeles County Department of Probation and the Department of Children and Family Services. The sample includes all first-time violent offenders with an open child welfare case. Forty-nine percent of youth experienced a subsequent arrest. Using Cox regression, we find that moving crossover youth from a family-like setting to a congregate care setting was associated with significantly higher rates of recidivism. We discuss the policy and practice implications of these findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Huang, Hui & Ryan, Joseph P. & Sappleton, Antoinette & Chiu, Yu-Ling, 2015. "Crossover youth post arrest: Placement status and recidivism," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 193-200.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:57:y:2015:i:c:p:193-200
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.08.015
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ryan, Joseph P. & Testa, Mark F., 2005. "Child maltreatment and juvenile delinquency: Investigating the role of placement and placement instability," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 227-249, March.
    2. Patrick Bayer & Randi Hjalmarsson & David Pozen, 2009. "Building Criminal Capital behind Bars: Peer Effects in Juvenile Corrections," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 124(1), pages 105-147.
    3. Jonson-Reid, Melissa & Barth, Richard P., 2000. "From placement to prison: The path to adolescent incarceration from child welfare supervised foster or group care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(7), pages 493-516, July.
    4. Ryan, Joseph P. & Marshall, Jane Marie & Herz, Denise & Hernandez, Pedro M., 2008. "Juvenile delinquency in child welfare: Investigating group home effects," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 30(9), pages 1088-1099, September.
    5. Ramchand, R. & Morral, A.R. & Becker, K., 2009. "Seven-year life outcomes of adolescent offenders in Los Angeles," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 99(5), pages 863-870.
    6. Hyde, Justeen & Kammerer, Nina, 2009. "Adolescents' perspectives on placement moves and congregate settings: Complex and cumulative instabilities in out-of-home care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 265-273, February.
    7. Freundlich, Madelyn & Avery, Rosemary J., 2005. "Planning for permanency for youth in congregate care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(2), pages 115-134, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Malvaso, Catia G. & Delfabbro, Paul H. & Day, Andrew & Nobes, Gavin, 2018. "The maltreatment-violence link: Exploring the role of maltreatment experiences and other individual and social risk factors among young people who offend," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 35-45.
    2. Dierkhising, Carly B. & Eastman, Andrea Lane & Chan, Kristine, 2023. "Juvenile justice and child welfare dual system involvement among females with and without histories of commercial sexual exploitation," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    3. Flores, Jerry & Hawes, Janelle & Westbrooks, Angela & Henderson, Chanae, 2018. "Crossover youth and gender: What are the challenges of girls involved in both the foster care and juvenile justice systems?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 149-155.

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