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The first three years after foster care: A longitudinal look at the adaptation of 16 youth to emerging adulthood

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  • Jones, Loring

Abstract

Sixteen former foster youth were followed for 3Â years to examine their adaptation to emerging adulthood. Youth were classified on their adaptation according to 2 concepts, Connectedness and Risks. Connectedness refers to engagement with the adult world through work, schooling, marriage, and parenthood. Risks refer to problems with substance abuse, financial difficulties, and mental health problems that would hinder engagement with the adult world. All of the youth maintained at least one adult connection, but only 6 youth did not have a risk at the final interview. Three years after discharge 50% of the respondents had a drug and/or alcohol problem, and had neither savings nor health insurance. Despite many problems the post foster care period was marked by much resilience as most struggled to remain independent, and continue their schooling. Factors which facilitated successful adaptations were: a period of transitional residence after foster care, good support systems including family and former social workers, and a commitment to further education.

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  • Jones, Loring, 2011. "The first three years after foster care: A longitudinal look at the adaptation of 16 youth to emerging adulthood," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(10), pages 1919-1929, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:33:y:2011:i:10:p:1919-1929
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Buehler, Cheryl & Orme, John G. & Post, James & Patterson, David A., 2000. "The long-term correlates of family foster care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(8), pages 595-625, August.
    2. Dworsky, Amy, 2005. "The economic self-sufficiency of Wisconsin's former foster youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(10), pages 1085-1118, October.
    3. Cook, Ronna J., 1994. "Are we helping foster care youth prepare for their future?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 16(3-4), pages 213-229.
    4. Ringle, Jay L. & Ingram, Stephanie D. & Thompson, Ronald W., 2010. "The association between length of stay in residential care and educational achievement: Results from 5- and 16-year follow-up studies," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(7), pages 974-980, July.
    5. Hass, Michael & Graydon, Kelly, 2009. "Sources of resiliency among successful foster youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(4), pages 457-463, April.
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    1. Gil Llario, Mª Dolores & Ceccato, Roberta & Molero Mañes, Rosa & Ballester Arnal, Rafael, 2013. "Socioemotional characteristics of minors in foster care: A comparison between the estimation of parents, teachers and children," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 35(4), pages 664-667.
    2. Geiger, Jennifer M. & Beltran, Susanny J., 2017. "Experiences and outcomes of foster care alumni in postsecondary education: A review of the literature," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 186-197.
    3. Glendening, Zachary S. & Shinn, Marybeth & Brown, Scott R. & Cleveland, Kyndra C. & Cunningham, Mary K. & Pergamit, Michael R., 2020. "Supportive housing for precariously housed families in the child welfare system: Who benefits most?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    4. Greeson, Johanna K.P. & Garcia, Antonio R. & Tan, Fei & Chacon, Alexi & Ortiz, Andrew J., 2020. "Interventions for youth aging out of foster care: A state of the science review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    5. Blakeslee, Jennifer & Miller, Rebecca & Uretsky, Mathew, 2022. "Efficacy of the Project Futures self-determination coaching model for college students with foster care backgrounds and mental health challenges," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    6. Power, Luke & Hardy, Mark, 2024. "Predictors of care leavers’ health outcomes: A scoping review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    7. Opsal, Tara & Eman, Rebecca, 2018. "Invisible vulnerability: Participant perceptions of a campus-based program for students without caregivers," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 617-627.
    8. Geiger, Jennifer M. & Piel, Megan Hayes & Day, Angelique & Schelbe, Lisa, 2018. "A descriptive analysis of programs serving foster care alumni in higher education: Challenges and opportunities," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 287-294.
    9. Woodgate, Roberta L. & Morakinyo, Oluwatobiloba & Martin, Katrina M., 2017. "Interventions for youth aging out of care: A scoping review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 280-300.
    10. Lee, Chris & Berrick, Jill Duerr, 2014. "Experiences of youth who transition to adulthood out of care: Developing a theoretical framework," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 78-84.
    11. Francis, Annie M. & Hall, William J. & Ansong, David & Lanier, Paul & Albritton, Travis J. & McMillan, Ashley, 2023. "Implementation and effectiveness of the Indian Child Welfare Act: A systematic review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).

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