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The timing to and risk factors associated with child welfare system recidivism at two decision-making points

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  • Kahn, Jessica M.
  • Schwalbe, Craig

Abstract

This paper examines a variety of demographic, socio-economic, and case characteristics associated with the risk of a first known re-report to Child Protective Services for children at two stages in the child welfare system. In an attempt to establish if risk factors operate differentially depending on where the case is within the system, the first group had open investigations, and the second group had substantiated index cases. Data came from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, a nationally representative, longitudinal survey of children reported to Child Protective Services. Discrete time survival analysis was employed to examine the timing to the first known re-report. Consistent with the literature on regional samples and research using other methods, results indicate that prior involvement with the child welfare system strongly predicted re-report in both groups. In addition, childhood vulnerability, caretaker disadvantage, and poverty predicted re-reports. Findings suggest that some discrepancies in the prior literature may be due in part to study sampling strategies and to the effects of risk exposure and also that risk assessment tools need to attend to the stage within the child welfare system when the case is being assessed.

Suggested Citation

  • Kahn, Jessica M. & Schwalbe, Craig, 2010. "The timing to and risk factors associated with child welfare system recidivism at two decision-making points," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(7), pages 1035-1044, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:32:y:2010:i:7:p:1035-1044
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    3. Lai, Jianchao & Graef, Michelle & Franke, Todd & Burnham, Toby, 2023. "Contextual determinants of re-reporting for families receiving alternative response: A survival analysis in a Midwestern State," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    4. Bae, Hwa-ok & Kindler, Heinz, 2017. "Child maltreatment re-notifications in Germany: Analysis of local case files," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 42-49.
    5. Simon, James David & D'Andrade, Amy & Hsu, Hsun-Ta, 2021. "The intersection of child welfare services and public assistance: An analysis of dual-system involvement and successful family preservation completion on a maltreatment re-report," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
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    7. Jedwab, Merav & Shaw, Terry V., 2017. "Predictors of reentry into the foster care system: Comparison of children with and without previous removal experience," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 177-184.
    8. Simon, James David & Lau, Caitlin & Franke, Todd, 2024. "An examination of re-referrals and substantiations among families referred to home-based, differential response services and a comparison group: Does successful completion matter?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    9. Solomon, David & Åsberg, Kia, 2012. "Effectiveness of child protective services interventions as indicated by rates of recidivism," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(12), pages 2311-2318.
    10. Dolan, Melissa & Casanueva, Cecilia & Smith, Keith & Day, Orin & Dowd, Kathryn, 2014. "Child abuse and neglect re-reports: Combining and comparing data from two national sources," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 47(P3), pages 323-333.
    11. Stoddart, J.K. & Fallon, B. & Trocmé, N. & Fluke, J., 2018. "Substantiated Child Maltreatment: Which factors do workers focus on when making this critical decision?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 1-8.
    12. Shipe, Stacey L. & Uretsky, Mathew C. & Shaw, Terry V., 2022. "Family outcomes in alternative response: A multilevel analysis of recurrence," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    13. Kim, Hyunil & Jonson-Reid, Melissa & Kohl, Patricia & Chiang, Chien-jen & Drake, Brett & Brown, Derek & McBride, Tim & Guo, Shenyang, 2020. "Latent class analysis risk profiles: An effective method to predict a first re-report of maltreatment?," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    14. Casanueva, Cecilia & Tueller, Stephen & Dolan, Melissa & Testa, Mark & Smith, Keith & Day, Orin, 2015. "Examining predictors of re-reports and recurrence of child maltreatment using two national data sources," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 1-13.

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