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A step toward measuring children’s college-bound identity in children’s savings accounts programs: The case of promise scholars

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  • Elliott, William
  • Zheng, Haotian
  • Sabol, Terri
  • O'Brien, Megan

Abstract

Research indicates that children’s college expectations are an important predictor of children’s school outcomes and Children’s Savings Accounts (CSAs) are a predictor of children’s educational expectations. Typically measured with a single question, children’s college expectations have been used as s proxy for college-bound identity. Building on Identity-Based Motivation theory, we take a step toward creating a scale for measuring college-bound identity. This scale consists of 22items with three first-order identity factors: salience, group congruence, and interpretation of difficulty as normal. Findings indicate that a second-order identity latent named college-bound identity may be reflected in the data. We then test the association between Promise Early Award Scholarship (Promise Scholars), a CSA and early award scholarship program, and college-bound identity. Promise Scholars participants’ college-bound identity is predicted to be 0.02 higher than that of non-Promise Scholars participants. The authors offer potential next steps in the attempt to better measure children’s college-bound identity.

Suggested Citation

  • Elliott, William & Zheng, Haotian & Sabol, Terri & O'Brien, Megan, 2021. "A step toward measuring children’s college-bound identity in children’s savings accounts programs: The case of promise scholars," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:121:y:2021:i:c:s0190740920322131
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105791
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Amanda Pallais, 2009. "Taking a Chance on College: Is the Tennessee Education Lottery Scholarship Program a Winner?," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 44(1).
    2. Flavio Cunha & James J. Heckman, 2008. "Formulating, Identifying and Estimating the Technology of Cognitive and Noncognitive Skill Formation," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 43(4).
    3. Oyserman, Daphna, 2013. "Not just any path: Implications of identity-based motivation for disparities in school outcomes," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 179-190.
    4. James J. Heckman & Dimitriy V. Masterov, 2007. "The Productivity Argument for Investing in Young Children," Review of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 29(3), pages 446-493.
    5. Elliott, William & Choi, Eun Hee & Destin, Mesmin & Kim, Kevin H., 2011. "The age old question, which comes first? A simultaneous test of children's savings and children's college-bound identity," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(7), pages 1101-1111, July.
    6. Elliott III, William, 2009. "Children's college aspirations and expectations: The potential role of children's development accounts (CDAs)," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 274-283, February.
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