IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/csdana/v56y2012i12p4215-4228.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The effect of the nugget on Gaussian process emulators of computer models

Author

Listed:
  • Andrianakis, Ioannis
  • Challenor, Peter G.

Abstract

The effect of a Gaussian process parameter known as the nugget, on the development of computer model emulators is investigated. The presence of the nugget results in an emulator that does not interpolate the data and attaches a non-zero uncertainty bound around them. The limits of this approximation are investigated theoretically, and it is shown that they can be as large as those of a least squares model with the same regression functions as the emulator, regardless of the nugget’s value. The likelihood of the correlation function parameters is also studied and two mode types are identified. Type I modes are characterised by an approximation error that is a function of the nugget and can therefore become arbitrarily small, effectively yielding an interpolating emulator. Type II modes result in emulators with a constant approximation error. Apart from a theoretical investigation of the limits of the approximation error, a practical method for automatically imposing restrictions on its extent is introduced. This is achieved by means of a penalty term that is added to the likelihood function, and controls the amount of unexplainable variability in the computer model. The main findings are illustrated on data from an Energy Balance climate model.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrianakis, Ioannis & Challenor, Peter G., 2012. "The effect of the nugget on Gaussian process emulators of computer models," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 56(12), pages 4215-4228.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:csdana:v:56:y:2012:i:12:p:4215-4228
    DOI: 10.1016/j.csda.2012.04.020
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167947312001879
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.csda.2012.04.020?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jeremy E. Oakley & Anthony O'Hagan, 2004. "Probabilistic sensitivity analysis of complex models: a Bayesian approach," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 66(3), pages 751-769, August.
    2. Berger J.O. & De Oliveira V. & Sanso B., 2001. "Objective Bayesian Analysis of Spatially Correlated Data," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 96, pages 1361-1374, December.
    3. Carmack, Patrick S. & Spence, Jeffrey S. & Schucany, William R. & Gunst, Richard F. & Lin, Qihua & Haley, Robert W., 2012. "A new class of semiparametric semivariogram and nugget estimators," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 56(6), pages 1737-1747.
    4. Marc C. Kennedy & Anthony O'Hagan, 2001. "Bayesian calibration of computer models," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 63(3), pages 425-464.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. An, Dawn & Kim, Nam H. & Choi, Joo-Ho, 2015. "Practical options for selecting data-driven or physics-based prognostics algorithms with reviews," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 223-236.
    2. Slot, René M.M. & Sørensen, John D. & Sudret, Bruno & Svenningsen, Lasse & Thøgersen, Morten L., 2020. "Surrogate model uncertainty in wind turbine reliability assessment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 1150-1162.
    3. Ioannis Andrianakis & Ian R Vernon & Nicky McCreesh & Trevelyan J McKinley & Jeremy E Oakley & Rebecca N Nsubuga & Michael Goldstein & Richard G White, 2015. "Bayesian History Matching of Complex Infectious Disease Models Using Emulation: A Tutorial and a Case Study on HIV in Uganda," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(1), pages 1-18, January.
    4. Garbuno-Inigo, A. & DiazDelaO, F.A. & Zuev, K.M., 2016. "Gaussian process hyper-parameter estimation using Parallel Asymptotically Independent Markov Sampling," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 367-383.
    5. Lim, Chae Young & Chen, Chien-Hung & Wu, Wei-Ying, 2017. "Numerical instability of calculating inverse of spatial covariance matrices," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 182-188.
    6. Bachoc, François, 2013. "Cross Validation and Maximum Likelihood estimations of hyper-parameters of Gaussian processes with model misspecification," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 55-69.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jakub Bijak & Jason D. Hilton & Eric Silverman & Viet Dung Cao, 2013. "Reforging the Wedding Ring," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 29(27), pages 729-766.
    2. Acharki, Naoufal & Bertoncello, Antoine & Garnier, Josselin, 2023. "Robust prediction interval estimation for Gaussian processes by cross-validation method," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    3. Petropoulos, G. & Wooster, M.J. & Carlson, T.N. & Kennedy, M.C. & Scholze, M., 2009. "A global Bayesian sensitivity analysis of the 1d SimSphere soil–vegetation–atmospheric transfer (SVAT) model using Gaussian model emulation," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 220(19), pages 2427-2440.
    4. Ioannis Andrianakis & Ian R Vernon & Nicky McCreesh & Trevelyan J McKinley & Jeremy E Oakley & Rebecca N Nsubuga & Michael Goldstein & Richard G White, 2015. "Bayesian History Matching of Complex Infectious Disease Models Using Emulation: A Tutorial and a Case Study on HIV in Uganda," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(1), pages 1-18, January.
    5. Marc Kennedy & Clive Anderson & Anthony O'Hagan & Mark Lomas & Ian Woodward & John Paul Gosling & Andreas Heinemeyer, 2008. "Quantifying uncertainty in the biospheric carbon flux for England and Wales," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 171(1), pages 109-135, January.
    6. Kennedy, Marc C. & Anderson, Clive W. & Conti, Stefano & O’Hagan, Anthony, 2006. "Case studies in Gaussian process modelling of computer codes," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 91(10), pages 1301-1309.
    7. Antony M. Overstall & David C. Woods, 2016. "Multivariate emulation of computer simulators: model selection and diagnostics with application to a humanitarian relief model," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 65(4), pages 483-505, August.
    8. V. J. Roelofs & M. C. Kennedy, 2011. "Sensitivity Analysis and Estimation of Extreme Tail Behavior in Two‐Dimensional Monte Carlo Simulation," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(10), pages 1597-1609, October.
    9. Raymond K. W. Wong & Curtis B. Storlie & Thomas C. M. Lee, 2017. "A frequentist approach to computer model calibration," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 79(2), pages 635-648, March.
    10. Matieyendou Lamboni, 2024. "Optimal Estimators of Cross-Partial Derivatives and Surrogates of Functions," Stats, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-22, July.
    11. Manfren, Massimiliano & Aste, Niccolò & Moshksar, Reza, 2013. "Calibration and uncertainty analysis for computer models – A meta-model based approach for integrated building energy simulation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 627-641.
    12. Daniel W. Gladish & Daniel E. Pagendam & Luk J. M. Peeters & Petra M. Kuhnert & Jai Vaze, 2018. "Emulation Engines: Choice and Quantification of Uncertainty for Complex Hydrological Models," Journal of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Statistics, Springer;The International Biometric Society;American Statistical Association, vol. 23(1), pages 39-62, March.
    13. Zitrou, A. & Bedford, T. & Daneshkhah, A., 2013. "Robustness of maintenance decisions: Uncertainty modelling and value of information," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 60-71.
    14. Gramacy, Robert B. & Lee, Herbert K.H., 2008. "Gaussian processes and limiting linear models," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 53(1), pages 123-136, September.
    15. Nagel, Joseph B. & Rieckermann, Jörg & Sudret, Bruno, 2020. "Principal component analysis and sparse polynomial chaos expansions for global sensitivity analysis and model calibration: Application to urban drainage simulation," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    16. Daneshkhah, A. & Stocks, N.G. & Jeffrey, P., 2017. "Probabilistic sensitivity analysis of optimised preventive maintenance strategies for deteriorating infrastructure assets," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 33-45.
    17. Kapusuzoglu, Berkcan & Mahadevan, Sankaran, 2021. "Information fusion and machine learning for sensitivity analysis using physics knowledge and experimental data," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    18. K. Sham Bhat & David S. Mebane & Priyadarshi Mahapatra & Curtis B. Storlie, 2017. "Upscaling Uncertainty with Dynamic Discrepancy for a Multi-Scale Carbon Capture System," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 112(520), pages 1453-1467, October.
    19. Priscilla Avegliano & Jaime Simão Sichman, 2023. "Equation-Based Versus Agent-Based Models: Why Not Embrace Both for an Efficient Parameter Calibration?," Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 26(4), pages 1-3.
    20. Daneshkhah, Alireza & Bedford, Tim, 2013. "Probabilistic sensitivity analysis of system availability using Gaussian processes," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 82-93.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:csdana:v:56:y:2012:i:12:p:4215-4228. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/csda .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.