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Noether’s theorem, exceptional Lie groups hierarchy and determining 1/α≅137 of electromagnetism

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  • El Naschie, M.S.

Abstract

Noether’s theorem relating conservation laws with symmetry is applied in conjunction with the exceptional Lie group hierarchy, the holographic principles and E-infinity theory to calculate the electromagnetic fine structure constant. Various schemes are suggested utilizing the fundamentals of heterotic strings as well as P-Brane theory leading to essentially the same value of 1/α≅137 in complete agreement with the well-established experimental evidences.

Suggested Citation

  • El Naschie, M.S., 2008. "Noether’s theorem, exceptional Lie groups hierarchy and determining 1/α≅137 of electromagnetism," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 99-103.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:35:y:2008:i:1:p:99-103
    DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2007.05.005
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. El Naschie, M.S., 2006. "Elementary number theory in superstrings, loop quantum mechanics, twistors and E-infinity high energy physics," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 27(2), pages 297-330.
    2. El Naschie, M.S., 2007. "From symmetry to particles," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 427-430.
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