IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v372y2024ics0306261924012340.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Operating performance and energy flow modeling for a hundred-kilowatt proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack test system

Author

Listed:
  • Hu, Baobao
  • Qu, Zhiguo
  • Zhang, Jianfei
  • Wang, Xueliang
  • Sun, He
  • Wang, Yongzhan

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive system-level analysis model for evaluating performance characteristics of a hundred-kilowatt proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) test system. Unlike conventional power-focused systems, the test system has a more complex architecture and numerous balance of plants (BOPs). The developed model integrates detailed input-output traits of each system component. The energy efficiency ratio (EER) and energy conversion efficiency (η) are introduced as metrics for assessing net power consumption and conversion capability of the test system. By simulating various operational scenarios (considering temperature, load current, cathode pressure, humidity, and PEMFC power), the model predicts the behaviors of BOPs and energy flow relations. The changing rules of the EER and η are also investigated. An increase in temperature, current, and cathode pressure leads to an improvement in EER. Increasing operating temperature, cathode pressure, and humidity can enhance η. Key findings suggest optimal conditions for system self-sufficiency include an operating temperature below 90 °C, load current over 1200 mA cm−2, and air humidity under 90%. Furthermore, the PEMFC power is advisable to configure between 50% and 100% of the test system's maximum power. These insights are pivotal for improving the design and functionality of PEMFC testing equipment, further contributing significant advancements to fuel cell technology.

Suggested Citation

  • Hu, Baobao & Qu, Zhiguo & Zhang, Jianfei & Wang, Xueliang & Sun, He & Wang, Yongzhan, 2024. "Operating performance and energy flow modeling for a hundred-kilowatt proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack test system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 372(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:372:y:2024:i:c:s0306261924012340
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123851
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261924012340
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123851?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jonas Breitinger & Mark Hellmann & Helerson Kemmer & Stephan Kabelac, 2023. "Automotive Fuel Cell Systems: Testing Highly Dynamic Scenarios," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-15, January.
    2. Yang, Zirong & Du, Qing & Jia, Zhiwei & Yang, Chunguang & Jiao, Kui, 2019. "Effects of operating conditions on water and heat management by a transient multi-dimensional PEMFC system model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 462-476.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Najmi, Aezid-Ul-Hassan & Anyanwu, Ikechukwu S. & Xie, Xu & Liu, Zhi & Jiao, Kui, 2021. "Experimental investigation and optimization of proton exchange membrane fuel cell using different flow fields," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    2. Lu Zhang & Yongfeng Liu & Pucheng Pei & Xintong Liu & Long Wang & Yuan Wan, 2022. "Variation Characteristic Analysis of Water Content at the Flow Channel of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-20, April.
    3. Haubensak, Lukas & Strahl, Stephan & Braun, Jochen & Faulwasser, Timm, 2024. "Towards real-time capable optimal control for fuel cell vehicles using hierarchical economic MPC," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 366(C).
    4. Chunjuan Shen & Sichuan Xu & Lei Pan & Yuan Gao, 2021. "A High-Efficiency Cooperative Control Strategy of Active and Passive Heating for a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-11, November.
    5. Chen, Xin & Zhang, Ying & Xu, Sheng & Dong, Fei, 2023. "Bibliometric analysis for research trends and hotspots in heat and mass transfer and its management of proton exchange membrane fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 333(C).
    6. Yang, Zirong & Jiao, Kui & Wu, Kangcheng & Shi, Weilong & Jiang, Shangfeng & Zhang, Longhai & Du, Qing, 2021. "Numerical investigations of assisted heating cold start strategies for proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    7. Vu, Hoang Nghia & Truong Le Tri, Dat & Nguyen, Huu Linh & Kim, Younghyeon & Yu, Sangseok, 2023. "Multifunctional bypass valve for water management and surge protection in a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell supply-air system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    8. Jongbin Woo & Younghyeon Kim & Sangseok Yu, 2023. "Cooling-System Configurations of a Dual-Stack Fuel-Cell System for Medium-Duty Trucks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-19, February.
    9. Lu, Xiaohui & Li, Bing & Guo, Lin & Wang, Peifang & Yousefi, Nasser, 2021. "Exergy analysis of a polymer fuel cell and identification of its optimum operating conditions using improved Farmland Fertility Optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    10. Cao, Qiming & Min, Haitao & Sun, Weiyi & Zhao, Honghui & Yu, Yuanbin & Zhang, Zhaopu & Jiang, Junyu, 2024. "A method of combining active and passive strategies by genetic algorithm in multi-stage cold start of proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    11. Sun, Yun & Lin, Yixiong & Wang, Qinglian & Yang, Chen & Yin, Wang & Wan, Zhongmin & Qiu, Ting, 2024. "Novel design and numerical investigation of a windward bend flow field for proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    12. Li, Longquan & Liu, Zhiqiang & Deng, Chengwei & Xie, Nan & Ren, Jingzheng & Sun, Yi & Xiao, Zhenyu & Lei, Kun & Yang, Sheng, 2022. "Thermodynamic and exergoeconomic analyses of a vehicular fuel cell power system with waste heat recovery for cabin heating and reactants preheating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    13. Chen, Jingxian & Xu, Peihang & Lu, Jie & Ouyang, Tiancheng & Mo, Chunlan, 2021. "A prospective study of anti-vibration mechanism of microfluidic fuel cell via novel two-phase flow model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    14. Yu, Xianxian & Cai, Shanshan & Luo, Xiaobing & Tu, Zhengkai, 2024. "Barrel effect in an air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    15. Zhou, Yu & Chen, Ben & Chen, Wenshang & Deng, Qihao & Shen, Jun & Tu, Zhengkai, 2022. "A novel opposite sinusoidal wave flow channel for performance enhancement of proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).
    16. Chen, Xi & Wang, Chunxi & Xu, Jianghai & Long, Shichun & Chai, Fasen & Li, Wenbin & Song, Xingxing & Wang, Xuepeng & Wan, Zhongmin, 2023. "Membrane humidity control of proton exchange membrane fuel cell system using fractional-order PID strategy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 343(C).
    17. Zhao, Jian & Li, Xianguo & Shum, Chris & McPhee, John, 2023. "Control-oriented computational fuel cell dynamics modeling – Model order reduction vs. computational speed," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    18. Xiao, Biao & Zhao, Junjie & Fan, Lixin & Liu, Yang & Chan, Siew Hwa & Tu, Zhengkai, 2022. "Effects of moisture dehumidification on the performance and degradation of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    19. Hoang Nghia Vu & Xuan Linh Nguyen & Sangseok Yu, 2022. "A Lumped-Mass Model of Membrane Humidifier for PEMFC," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-16, March.
    20. Wang, Ya-Xiong & Chen, Quan & Zhang, Jin & He, Hongwen, 2021. "Real-time power optimization for an air-coolant proton exchange membrane fuel cell based on active temperature control," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:372:y:2024:i:c:s0306261924012340. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.