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An enterprise control methodology for the techno-economic assessment of the energy water nexus

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  • Muhanji, Steffi O.
  • Farid, Amro M.

Abstract

This paper investigates the techno-economic impact of flexible operation of energy-water resources on power systems performance. More specifically, it presents a methodology that combines the lessons learnt from the renewable energy integration literature and the energy-water nexus literature into a single coherent framework that finds synergies between these two fields. From the renewable energy literature, the enterprise control methodology is employed to quantify the energy market production costs, dispatched energy mixes, required operating reserves, levels of curtailment, and grid imbalances for a system with high penetrations of solar and wind energy. This methodology is extended to allow for flexible energy-water resources within the grid’s energy resource portfolio and to quantify the amounts of water withdrawn and consumed by thermal power plants, as well as carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The study considers two cases: (1.) a control case where the system lacks flexible energy-water resources and (2.) an experimental case where hydroelectric power plants, water and wastewater treatment systems serve as flexible energy-water resources for demand response and reserve acquisition. The simulation methodology is demonstrated on the Reliability Test System Grid Modernization Lab Consortium (RTS-GMLC) test case. The experimental case results indicate up to 24.93% and 15.12% improvements in load-following and ramping reserves respectively. Flexible operation also reduces water withdrawals by 5.47% and CO2 emissions by 1.14%. Finally, the experimental case results in lower day-ahead and real-time market production costs by 2.518 M$ and 2.892 M$ respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhanji, Steffi O. & Farid, Amro M., 2020. "An enterprise control methodology for the techno-economic assessment of the energy water nexus," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:260:y:2020:i:c:s0306261919319610
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114274
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    1. Srinivasan, Shweta & Kholod, Nazar & Chaturvedi, Vaibhav & Ghosh, Probal Pratap & Mathur, Ritu & Clarke, Leon & Evans, Meredydd & Hejazi, Mohamad & Kanudia, Amit & Koti, Poonam Nagar & Liu, Bo & Parik, 2018. "Water for electricity in India: A multi-model study of future challenges and linkages to climate change mitigation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 673-684.
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    3. Daniella Rodríguez-Urrego & David Cañadillas-Ramallo & Benjamín González-Díaz & Ricardo Guerrero-Lemus, 2022. "Analysis of the Water-Energy Nexus Applied to an Insular System: Case Study of Tenerife," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-28, January.
    4. de Oliveira, Glauber Cardoso & Bertone, Edoardo & Stewart, Rodney A., 2022. "Challenges, opportunities, and strategies for undertaking integrated precinct-scale energy–water system planning," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
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    6. Gao, Xian & Knueven, Bernard & Siirola, John D. & Miller, David C. & Dowling, Alexander W., 2022. "Multiscale simulation of integrated energy system and electricity market interactions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 316(C).

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