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Comparative study on hydrothermal treatment as pre- and post-treatment of anaerobic digestion of primary sludge: Focus on energy balance, resources transformation and sludge dewaterability

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  • Yuan, Tian
  • Cheng, Yanfei
  • Zhang, Zhenya
  • Lei, Zhongfang
  • Shimizu, Kazuya

Abstract

Hydrothermal treatment (HTT) has been recognized as a highly efficient technology for organics decomposition and energy/nutrients recovery from waste biomass. Up to now, however, the efficiency of HTT as the pre- and post-treatment of anaerobic digestion (AD) has not been well compared and documented. In this study, the effects of HTT as the pre- (strategy I, HTT + AD) and post-treatment (strategy II, 1st AD + HTT + 2nd AD) of AD of primary sludge were evaluated based on comparative experiments in regards to energy balance, nutrients transformation, and sludge dewaterability. Results show that the optimal HTT temperature was 130 °C for strategy I and strategy II according to the maximum methane production rate (μ) estimated from Gompertz model and the net energy gain (ΔQ) calculated. Although HTT as the post-treatment of AD achieved higher total methane yield and solids reduction, the increment of methane yield was found to be similar through both strategies compared to their control counterparts (no HTT). The decomposition of insoluble organic carbon was also similar via both strategies. Insoluble nitrogen fraction was detected to be the lowest (6.8%) after HTT at 190 °C in strategy II, comparable to that after HTT at 210 °C (∼10.0%) using strategy I. The proportion of bioavailable phosphorus was found to slightly decrease with the increase of HTT temperature in strategy II, probably due to the alkaline pH in the treated digestate. The sludge dewaterability indicated by specific resistance to filtration (SRF) showed a similar trend after AD under the tested conditions of both strategies, which was remarkably improved when HTT was performed at temperatures higher than 170 °C. HTT as the pre-treatment (strategy I) was found to be more energy efficient in comparison to HTT as the post-treatment (strategy II) of AD of primary sludge. In addition, a positive energy efficiency could be achieved when the sludge solids content ≥2.2%.

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  • Yuan, Tian & Cheng, Yanfei & Zhang, Zhenya & Lei, Zhongfang & Shimizu, Kazuya, 2019. "Comparative study on hydrothermal treatment as pre- and post-treatment of anaerobic digestion of primary sludge: Focus on energy balance, resources transformation and sludge dewaterability," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 171-180.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:239:y:2019:i:c:p:171-180
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.206
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    1. Zhen, Guangyin & Lu, Xueqin & Kato, Hiroyuki & Zhao, Youcai & Li, Yu-You, 2017. "Overview of pretreatment strategies for enhancing sewage sludge disintegration and subsequent anaerobic digestion: Current advances, full-scale application and future perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 559-577.
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    11. Deng, Chen & Lin, Richen & Kang, Xihui & Wu, Benteng & O’Shea, Richard & Murphy, Jerry D., 2020. "Improving gaseous biofuel yield from seaweed through a cascading circular bioenergy system integrating anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    12. Azman, Samet & Milh, Hannah & Somers, Matthijs H. & Zhang, Huili & Huybrechts, Ine & Meers, Erik & Meesschaert, Boudewijn & Dewil, Raf & Appels, Lise, 2020. "Ultrasound-assisted digestate treatment of manure digestate for increased biogas production in small pilot scale anaerobic digesters," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 664-673.
    13. Li, Chunxing & Wang, Yu & Xie, Shengyu & Wang, Ruming & Sheng, Hu & Yang, Hongmin & Yuan, Zengwei, 2024. "Synergistic treatment of sewage sludge and food waste digestate residues for efficient energy recovery and biochar preparation by hydrothermal pretreatment, anaerobic digestion, and pyrolysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 364(C).
    14. Liu, Xiaoguang & Wang, Qian & Tang, Yuanzhi & Pavlostathis, Spyros G., 2021. "A comparative study on biogas production, energy balance, and nutrients conversion with inter-stage hydrothermal treatment of sewage sludge," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    15. Çelebi, Emrehan Berkay & Aksoy, Ayşegül & Sanin, F. Dilek, 2021. "Maximizing the energy potential of urban sludge treatment: An experimental study and a scenario-based energy analysis focusing on anaerobic digestion with ultrasound pretreatment and sludge combustion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    16. Ma, Shuaishuai & Wang, Hongliang & Li, Longrui & Gu, Xiaohui & Zhu, Wanbin, 2021. "Enhanced biomethane production from corn straw by a novel anaerobic digestion strategy with mechanochemical pretreatment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    17. Ruffino, Barbara & Cerutti, Alberto & Campo, Giuseppe & Scibilia, Gerardo & Lorenzi, Eugenio & Zanetti, Mariachiara, 2019. "Improvement of energy recovery from the digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS) through intermediate treatments: The effect of the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the first-stage digestion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 191-204.
    18. Cristiane Romio & Michael Vedel Wegener Kofoed & Henrik Bjarne Møller, 2021. "Digestate Post-Treatment Strategies for Additional Biogas Recovery: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-27, August.
    19. Lina Luo & Youpei Qu & Weijia Gong & Liyuan Qin & Wenzhe Li & Yong Sun, 2021. "Effect of Particle Size on the Aerobic and Anaerobic Digestion Characteristics of Whole Rice Straw," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-15, July.
    20. Liu, Yang & He, Pinjing & Duan, Haowen & Shao, Liming & Lü, Fan, 2021. "Low calcium dosage favors methanation of long-chain fatty acids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    21. Gregor Sailer & Julian Comi & Florian Empl & Martin Silberhorn & Valeska Heymann & Monika Bosilj & Siham Ouardi & Stefan Pelz & Joachim Müller, 2022. "Hydrothermal Treatment of Residual Forest Wood (Softwood) and Digestate from Anaerobic Digestion—Influence of Temperature and Holding Time on the Characteristics of the Solid and Liquid Products," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-26, May.
    22. Zhang, Yangyang & Li, Huan & Li, Debin, 2021. "Maximize methane recovery from sludge anaerobic digestion by combining an optimal wet air oxidation process," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 359-369.

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