IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v238y2019icp164-179.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

High-resolution, parametric BIPV and electrical systems modeling and design

Author

Listed:
  • Walker, Linus
  • Hofer, Johannes
  • Schlueter, Arno

Abstract

The design of building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) often involves complex geometries, non-uniform irradiance conditions and partial shading. This can lead to high energy losses if not considered adequately. This paper presents a BIPV modeling and optimization method which uses a parametric 3D modeling tool, coupled to a high-resolution ray-tracing irradiance simulation and an electrical model based on the single diode model on a subcell level. With the use of a genetic algorithm, electrical interconnections of the modules are optimized for maximum yield. The presented approach allows the simulation and optimization of BIPV in urban environments where complex shading occurs and high electrical mismatch of photovoltaic cells and modules is to be expected. It allows specific geometric design and optimization of photovoltaic installations and their electrical layout. The electrical simulation is validated for both flat and curved thin-film CIGS modules, as well as for two connected thin-film CIGS modules under deferring irradiance and partial shading conditions. The presented method is further applied in a case study on a double-curved roof shell. The results show that by using genetic algorithms the layout can be optimized to minimize the string mismatch losses for BIPV networks with a variety of modules. The detailed electrical simulation allows to quantify effects of module designs and inverter concepts on the system performance. This is demonstrated for the case study, indicating that thin-film modules with longitudinal cell direction outperform modules with orthogonal cell direction by up to 8%. Furthermore, module-integrated bypass diodes show little benefits for the best performing module technologies. Post-processing the results allows the evaluation of annual, seasonal, daily and hourly losses on a highly disaggregated level.

Suggested Citation

  • Walker, Linus & Hofer, Johannes & Schlueter, Arno, 2019. "High-resolution, parametric BIPV and electrical systems modeling and design," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 164-179.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:238:y:2019:i:c:p:164-179
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.088
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261918319044
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.088?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chatzipanagi, Anatoli & Frontini, Francesco & Virtuani, Alessandro, 2016. "BIPV-temp: A demonstrative Building Integrated Photovoltaic installation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 1-12.
    2. Belhaouas, N. & Cheikh, M.-S. Ait & Agathoklis, P. & Oularbi, M.-R. & Amrouche, B. & Sedraoui, K. & Djilali, N., 2017. "PV array power output maximization under partial shading using new shifted PV array arrangements," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 326-337.
    3. Lydon, G.P. & Hofer, J. & Svetozarevic, B. & Nagy, Z. & Schlueter, A., 2017. "Coupling energy systems with lightweight structures for a net plus energy building," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 310-326.
    4. Balato, M. & Costanzo, L. & Vitelli, M., 2015. "Series–Parallel PV array re-configuration: Maximization of the extraction of energy and much more," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 145-160.
    5. Khalid, Ahmad Mohd & Mitra, Indradip & Warmuth, Werner & Schacht, Volker, 2016. "Performance ratio – Crucial parameter for grid connected PV plants," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 1139-1158.
    6. Jayathissa, P. & Luzzatto, M. & Schmidli, J. & Hofer, J. & Nagy, Z. & Schlueter, A., 2017. "Optimising building net energy demand with dynamic BIPV shading," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 726-735.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Kichou, Sofiane & Skandalos, Nikolaos & Wolf, Petr, 2019. "Energy performance enhancement of a research centre based on solar potential analysis and energy management," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 1195-1210.
    2. Tian, Xinyi & Wang, Jun & Yuan, Shuang & Ji, Jie & Ke, Wei & Wang, Chuyao, 2023. "Investigation on the electrical performance of a curved PV roof integrated with CIGS cells for traditional Chinese houses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PC).
    3. Tian, B. & Loonen, R.C.G.M. & Bognár, Á. & Hensen, J.L.M., 2022. "Impacts of surface model generation approaches on raytracing-based solar potential estimation in urban areas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 804-824.
    4. Shirazi, Ali Mohammad & Zomorodian, Zahra S. & Tahsildoost, Mohammad, 2019. "Techno-economic BIPV evaluation method in urban areas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 1235-1246.
    5. Freitas, Jader de Sousa & Cronemberger, Joára & Soares, Raí Mariano & Amorim, Cláudia Naves David, 2020. "Modeling and assessing BIPV envelopes using parametric Rhinoceros plugins Grasshopper and Ladybug," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 1468-1479.
    6. Saoud A. Al-Janahi & Omar Ellabban & Sami G. Al-Ghamdi, 2020. "A Novel BIPV Reconfiguration Algorithm for Maximum Power Generation under Partial Shading," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-25, August.
    7. Jesús Polo & Nuria Martín-Chivelet & Miguel Alonso-Abella & Carlos Sanz-Saiz & José Cuenca & Marina de la Cruz, 2023. "Exploring the PV Power Forecasting at Building Façades Using Gradient Boosting Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-12, February.
    8. Jing, Yifan & Zhu, Li & Yin, Baoquan & Li, Fangfang, 2023. "Evaluating the PV system expansion potential of existing integrated energy parks: A case study in North China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 330(PA).
    9. Tian, Xinyi & Wang, Jun & Ji, Jie & Wang, Chuyao & Ke, Wei & Yuan, Shuang, 2023. "A multifunctional curved CIGS photovoltaic/thermal roof system: A numerical and experimental investigation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    10. Assoa, Y.B. & Levrard, D., 2020. "A lightweight triangular building integrated photovoltaic module," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    11. Bushra, Nayab & Hartmann, Timo & Constantin Ungureanu, Lucian, 2022. "Performance assessment method for roof-integrated TSSCs," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).
    12. Wijeratne, W.M. Pabasara Upalakshi & Samarasinghalage, Tharushi Imalka & Yang, Rebecca Jing & Wakefield, Ron, 2022. "Multi-objective optimisation for building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) roof projects in early design phase," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 309(C).
    13. Gonçalves, Juliana E. & van Hooff, Twan & Saelens, Dirk, 2020. "Understanding the behaviour of naturally-ventilated BIPV modules: A sensitivity analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 133-148.
    14. Liu, Zhengguang & Guo, Zhiling & Chen, Qi & Song, Chenchen & Shang, Wenlong & Yuan, Meng & Zhang, Haoran, 2023. "A review of data-driven smart building-integrated photovoltaic systems: Challenges and objectives," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PE).
    15. Li, Qingxiang & Zanelli, Alessandra, 2021. "A review on fabrication and applications of textile envelope integrated flexible photovoltaic systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    16. Sung Kwon Jung & Youngchul Kim & Jin Woo Moon, 2020. "Performance Evaluation of Control Methods for PV-Integrated Shading Devices," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-21, June.
    17. Skandalos, Nikolaos & Wang, Meng & Kapsalis, Vasileios & D'Agostino, Delia & Parker, Danny & Bhuvad, Sushant Suresh & Udayraj, & Peng, Jinqing & Karamanis, Dimitris, 2022. "Building PV integration according to regional climate conditions: BIPV regional adaptability extending Köppen-Geiger climate classification against urban and climate-related temperature increases," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    18. Gonçalves, Juliana E. & van Hooff, Twan & Saelens, Dirk, 2021. "Simulating building integrated photovoltaic facades: Comparison to experimental data and evaluation of modelling complexity," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    19. Ito, Risa & Lee, Sihwan, 2024. "Development of adjustable solar photovoltaic system for integration with solar shading louvers on building façades," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 359(C).
    20. Bushra, Nayab, 2022. "A comprehensive analysis of parametric design approaches for solar integration with buildings: A literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    21. Spiliotis, Konstantinos & Gonçalves, Juliana E. & Saelens, Dirk & Baert, Kris & Driesen, Johan, 2020. "Electrical system architectures for building-integrated photovoltaics: A comparative analysis using a modelling framework in Modelica," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    22. Tian, Xinyi & Wang, Jun & Wang, Chuyao & Ji, Jie, 2023. "Comparison analysis of the glazed and unglazed curved water-based PV/T roofs in the non-heating season," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 899-917.
    23. Lin, Wenye & Ma, Zhenjun & Li, Kehua & Tyagi, V.V. & Pandey, A.K., 2021. "A dynamic simulation platform for fault modelling and characterisation of building integrated photovoltaics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 963-981.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Spiliotis, Konstantinos & Gonçalves, Juliana E. & Van De Sande, Wieland & Ravyts, Simon & Daenen, Michael & Saelens, Dirk & Baert, Kris & Driesen, Johan, 2019. "Modeling and validation of a DC/DC power converter for building energy simulations: Application to BIPV systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 646-665.
    2. Bradai, R. & Boukenoui, R. & Kheldoun, A. & Salhi, H. & Ghanes, M. & Barbot, J-P. & Mellit, A., 2017. "Experimental assessment of new fast MPPT algorithm for PV systems under non-uniform irradiance conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 416-429.
    3. Skandalos, Nikolaos & Wang, Meng & Kapsalis, Vasileios & D'Agostino, Delia & Parker, Danny & Bhuvad, Sushant Suresh & Udayraj, & Peng, Jinqing & Karamanis, Dimitris, 2022. "Building PV integration according to regional climate conditions: BIPV regional adaptability extending Köppen-Geiger climate classification against urban and climate-related temperature increases," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    4. Daniel Efurosibina Attoye & Kheira Anissa Tabet Aoul & Ahmed Hassan, 2017. "A Review on Building Integrated Photovoltaic Façade Customization Potentials," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-24, December.
    5. Vassiliades, C. & Agathokleous, R. & Barone, G. & Forzano, C. & Giuzio, G.F. & Palombo, A. & Buonomano, A. & Kalogirou, S., 2022. "Building integration of active solar energy systems: A review of geometrical and architectural characteristics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    6. Spiliotis, Konstantinos & Gonçalves, Juliana E. & Saelens, Dirk & Baert, Kris & Driesen, Johan, 2020. "Electrical system architectures for building-integrated photovoltaics: A comparative analysis using a modelling framework in Modelica," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    7. Rezk, Hegazy & AL-Oran, Mazen & Gomaa, Mohamed R. & Tolba, Mohamed A. & Fathy, Ahmed & Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali & Olabi, A.G. & El-Sayed, Abou Hashema M., 2019. "A novel statistical performance evaluation of most modern optimization-based global MPPT techniques for partially shaded PV system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    8. Dehwah, Ammar H.A. & Krarti, Moncef, 2021. "Energy performance of integrated adaptive envelope systems for residential buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    9. Taveres-Cachat, Ellika & Lobaccaro, Gabriele & Goia, Francesco & Chaudhary, Gaurav, 2019. "A methodology to improve the performance of PV integrated shading devices using multi-objective optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C), pages 731-744.
    10. Shan, Chuan & Sun, Kangwen & Ji, Xinzhe & Cheng, Dongji, 2023. "A reconfiguration method for photovoltaic array of stratospheric airship based on multilevel optimization algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 352(C).
    11. Ju, Xing & Pan, Xinyu & Zhang, Zheyang & Xu, Chao & Wei, Gaosheng, 2019. "Thermal and electrical performance of the dense-array concentrating photovoltaic (DA-CPV) system under non-uniform illumination," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C), pages 904-915.
    12. Cannavale, Alessandro & Ierardi, Laura & Hörantner, Maximilian & Eperon, Giles E. & Snaith, Henry J. & Ayr, Ubaldo & Martellotta, Francesco, 2017. "Improving energy and visual performance in offices using building integrated perovskite-based solar cells: A case study in Southern Italy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 834-846.
    13. Piotr Michalak, 2023. "Simulation and Experimental Study on the Use of Ventilation Air for Space Heating of a Room in a Low-Energy Building," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-17, April.
    14. Jung, Tae Hee & Lee, Jeong In & Song, Hee-eun & Ju, Young Chul & Ko, Suk Whan & Jung, Young-Seok & Kang, Gi Hwan, 2017. "Classification conditions of cells to reduce cell-to-module conversion loss at the production stage of PV modules," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 582-593.
    15. Vavilapalli, Sridhar & Umashankar, S. & Sanjeevikumar, P. & Ramachandaramurthy, Vigna K. & Mihet-Popa, Lucian & Fedák, Viliam, 2018. "Three-stage control architecture for cascaded H-Bridge inverters in large-scale PV systems – Real time simulation validation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 1111-1127.
    16. Piotr Michalak, 2022. "Thermal—Airflow Coupling in Hourly Energy Simulation of a Building with Natural Stack Ventilation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-18, June.
    17. Ackermann, Simon & Szabo, Andrei & Bamberger, Joachim & Steinke, Florian, 2022. "Design and optimization of performance guarantees for hybrid power plants," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PA).
    18. Ahmad, Riaz & Murtaza, Ali F. & Sher, Hadeed Ahmed, 2019. "Power tracking techniques for efficient operation of photovoltaic array in solar applications – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 82-102.
    19. Piotr Michalak, 2022. "Impact of Air Density Variation on a Simulated Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger’s Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-24, April.
    20. Woo Gyun Shin & Suk Whan Ko & Hyung Jun Song & Young Chul Ju & Hye Mi Hwang & Gi Hwan Kang, 2018. "Origin of Bypass Diode Fault in c-Si Photovoltaic Modules: Leakage Current under High Surrounding Temperature," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-11, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:238:y:2019:i:c:p:164-179. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.