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Stratification analysis in packed bed thermal energy storage systems

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  • Oró, Eduard
  • Castell, Albert
  • Chiu, Justin
  • Martin, Viktoria
  • Cabeza, Luisa F.

Abstract

District cooling and heating networks are increasing in many countries, especially in the Scandinavian countries. Some of the systems have become small for the needs of the population and they have to be enhanced in order to reach the cooling or heating necessities. Here, thermal energy storage system of a district cooling network is studied. Phase change material (PCM) is used in order to enhance the energy density and the stratification of the water tank. The experimental set up consists mainly of a cylindrical storage tank with a capacity of 3.73L filled with spherically encapsulated PCM. The PCM used is PK6 from Rubitherm GmbH with a storage capacity of 175kJ/kg between −2°C and 13°C. Many methods to characterize water tank stratification, such as graphical (dimensional and non-dimensional) and numerical figures based on temperature distribution (degree of stratification, first law efficiencies, second law efficiencies, other efficiencies as MIX number), are used to analysed and characterized two storage tanks, one of them with the inclusion of PCM packed bed during both charging and discharging processes.

Suggested Citation

  • Oró, Eduard & Castell, Albert & Chiu, Justin & Martin, Viktoria & Cabeza, Luisa F., 2013. "Stratification analysis in packed bed thermal energy storage systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 476-487.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:109:y:2013:i:c:p:476-487
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.12.082
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    14. Kumar, G. Senthil & Nagarajan, D. & Chidambaram, L.A. & Kumaresan, V. & Ding, Y. & Velraj, R., 2016. "Role of PCM addition on stratification behaviour in a thermal storage tank – An experimental study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 1168-1178.
    15. Soh, Alex & Huang, Zhifeng & Shao, Yunlin & Islam, M.R. & Chua, K.J., 2023. "On the study of a thermal system for continuous cold energy harvesting and supply from LNG regasification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
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    17. Wang, Zilong & Zhang, Hua & Huang, Huajie & Dou, Binlin & Huang, Xiuhui & Goula, Maria A., 2019. "The experimental investigation of the thermal stratification in a solar hot water tank," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 862-874.
    18. Shao, Y.L. & Soh, K.Y. & Islam, M.R. & Chua, K.J., 2023. "Thermal, exergy and economic analysis of a cascaded packed-bed tank with multiple phase change materials for district cooling system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
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    22. Porteiro, Jacobo & Míguez, José Luis & Crespo, Bárbara & López González, Luis María & De Lara, José, 2015. "Experimental investigation of the thermal response of a thermal storage tank partially filled with different PCMs (phase change materials) to a steep demand," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 202-214.

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