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Mixtures of SF6–CO2 as working fluids for geothermal power plants

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  • Yin, Hebi
  • Sabau, Adrian S.
  • Conklin, James C.
  • McFarlane, Joanna
  • Qualls, A. Lou

Abstract

In this paper, supercritical/transcritical thermodynamic cycles using mixtures of SF6–CO2 as working fluids were investigated for geothermal power plants. The system of equations that described the thermodynamic cycle was solved using a Newton–Raphson method. This approach allows a high computational efficiency even when thermophysical properties of the working fluid depend strongly on the temperature and pressure. The thermophysical properties of the mixtures were obtained from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) REFPROP software and constituent cubic equations. The local heat transfer coefficients in the heat exchangers were calculated based on the local properties of the working fluid, geothermal brine, and cooling water. The heat exchanger areas required were calculated. Numerical simulation results presented for different cycle configurations were used to assess the effects of the SF6 fraction in CO2, brine temperature, and recuperator size on the cycle thermal efficiency, and size of heat exchangers for the evaporator and condenser. For working fluids with SF6, concentrations of 15 and 20mol% were found to yield the highest Brayton and Rankine cycle efficiencies, respectively.

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  • Yin, Hebi & Sabau, Adrian S. & Conklin, James C. & McFarlane, Joanna & Qualls, A. Lou, 2013. "Mixtures of SF6–CO2 as working fluids for geothermal power plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 243-253.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:106:y:2013:i:c:p:243-253
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.01.060
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    Cited by:

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    10. Cheng, Wen-Long & Li, Tong-Tong & Nian, Yong-Le & Xie, Kun, 2014. "Evaluation of working fluids for geothermal power generation from abandoned oil wells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 238-245.
    11. Zhang, Xinxin & Kobayashi, Noriyuki & He, Maogang & Wang, Jingfu, 2016. "An organic group contribution approach to radiative efficiency estimation of organic working fluid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1205-1210.
    12. Yu, Haoshui & Feng, Xiao & Wang, Yufei & Biegler, Lorenz T. & Eason, John, 2016. "A systematic method to customize an efficient organic Rankine cycle (ORC) to recover waste heat in refineries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 302-315.
    13. Rovira, Antonio & Rubbia, Carlo & Valdés, Manuel & Martínez-Val, José M., 2014. "Thermodynamic cycles optimised for medium enthalpy units of concentrating solar power," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 176-185.
    14. Liu, Qiang & Duan, Yuanyuan & Yang, Zhen, 2014. "Effect of condensation temperature glide on the performance of organic Rankine cycles with zeotropic mixture working fluids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 394-404.
    15. Ghasemi, Hadi & Sheu, Elysia & Tizzanini, Alessio & Paci, Marco & Mitsos, Alexander, 2014. "Hybrid solar–geothermal power generation: Optimal retrofitting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 158-170.
    16. Sarkar, Jahar, 2015. "Review and future trends of supercritical CO2 Rankine cycle for low-grade heat conversion," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 434-451.
    17. Liu, Qiang & Shen, Aijing & Duan, Yuanyuan, 2015. "Parametric optimization and performance analyses of geothermal organic Rankine cycles using R600a/R601a mixtures as working fluids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 410-420.
    18. Zhao, Li & Bao, Junjiang, 2014. "Thermodynamic analysis of organic Rankine cycle using zeotropic mixtures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 748-756.
    19. Yang, Min-Hsiung & Yeh, Rong-Hua & Hung, Tzu-Chen, 2017. "Thermo-economic analysis of the transcritical organic Rankine cycle using R1234yf/R32 mixtures as the working fluids for lower-grade waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 818-836.
    20. Cui, Guodong & Ren, Shaoran & Rui, Zhenhua & Ezekiel, Justin & Zhang, Liang & Wang, Hongsheng, 2018. "The influence of complicated fluid-rock interactions on the geothermal exploitation in the CO2 plume geothermal system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C), pages 49-63.

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