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Quantitative analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in solid residues from supercritical water gasification of wet sewage sludge

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  • Xu, Z.R.
  • Zhu, W.
  • Li, M.
  • Zhang, H.W.
  • Gong, M.

Abstract

Hydrogen gas has been successfully produced from sewage sludge by supercritical water gasification. Therefore, whether toxic compounds are synthesized in the supercritical water gasification of sewage sludge should be clarified because of the complex pollutants in sludge. In the current study, the content and forms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the solid residue from the supercritical water gasification of wet sludge was investigated using a high-pressure autoclave. The process parameters, such as reaction temperature (400–455°C), reaction time (0–60min), dry matter content (5.6–23.8wt%) in the feedstock, and heating period, were varied to investigate their effects on the PAH content and forms. The results showed that PAHs are generated during supercritical water gasification and that high reaction temperature, long reaction time, and low dry matter content favor the formation of PAHs in the solid residue, mainly involving 4-ring PAHs. Moreover, the amount of total PAHs in the solid residue did not exceed the allowable limits of soil quality assessment for exhibition (B class) in China and meets the Canadian soil quality for commercial land use. In addition, the mechanism of PAH formation during supercritical water gasification was discussed in this paper.

Suggested Citation

  • Xu, Z.R. & Zhu, W. & Li, M. & Zhang, H.W. & Gong, M., 2013. "Quantitative analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in solid residues from supercritical water gasification of wet sewage sludge," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 476-483.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:102:y:2013:i:c:p:476-483
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.07.051
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhao, Peitao & Ge, Shifu & Yoshikawa, Kunio, 2013. "An orthogonal experimental study on solid fuel production from sewage sludge by employing steam explosion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 1213-1221.
    2. Ma, Jinxing & Wang, Zhiwei & Zhu, Chaowei & Xu, Yinlun & Wu, Zhichao, 2014. "Electrogenesis reduces the combustion efficiency of sewage sludge," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 283-289.
    3. Zhao, Peitao & Chen, Hongfang & Ge, Shifu & Yoshikawa, Kunio, 2013. "Effect of the hydrothermal pretreatment for the reduction of NO emission from sewage sludge combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 199-205.
    4. Huang, Dan & Wu, Zan & Sunden, Bengt & Li, Wei, 2016. "A brief review on convection heat transfer of fluids at supercritical pressures in tubes and the recent progress," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 494-505.
    5. Liu, Huan & Yi, Linlin & Zhang, Qiang & Hu, Hongyun & Lu, Geng & Li, Aijun & Yao, Hong, 2016. "Co-production of clean syngas and ash adsorbent during sewage sludge gasification: Synergistic effect of Fenton peroxidation and CaO conditioning," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 1062-1068.
    6. Sebastian Werle & Mariusz Dudziak, 2014. "Analysis of Organic and Inorganic Contaminants in Dried Sewage Sludge and By-Products of Dried Sewage Sludge Gasification," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(1), pages 1-15, January.
    7. Kim, Young Doo & Yang, Chang Won & Kim, Beom Jong & Kim, Kwang Su & Lee, Jeung Woo & Moon, Ji Hong & Yang, Won & Yu, Tae U & Lee, Uen Do, 2013. "Air-blown gasification of woody biomass in a bubbling fluidized bed gasifier," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 414-420.

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