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A simple irrigation scheduling approach for pecans

Author

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  • Samani, Zohrab
  • Bawazir, Salim
  • Skaggs, Rhonda
  • Longworth, John
  • Piñon, Aldo
  • Tran, Vien

Abstract

Pecans are a major crop in New Mexico's Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV). It is estimated that New Mexico is responsible for about 21% of the world's pecan production (Lillywhite et al., 2007). Currently, approximately 12,000Â ha of pecan orchards at various stages of growth consume 45% of the area's irrigation water. Pecan evapotranspiration (ET) varies with age, canopy cover, soil type, crop density and method of water management. Intense competition for the LRGV's limited water supply has created a serious need for better water management through improved irrigation scheduling. Annual pecan ET ranges from as low as 500Â mm to as high as 1400Â mm. Diversity of the pecan crop coefficient (Kc) and ET makes the task of irrigation scheduling for this crop very complicated. Using remote sensing technology and field ET measurements, a simple relationship was developed to relate crop coefficient and ET to canopy cover. This relationship is then used in combination with climate data to calculate daily and weekly water requirements for each orchard. The difference between annual ET values estimated from canopy cover and values measured with an eddy covariance flux tower ranged from 2 to 5%. The average ratio of estimated monthly ET values over measured ET values was 1.03 with the standard error of the estimate ranging from 10 to 20Â mm/month. This methodology provides a simple tool that farmers can use to schedule irrigation of pecan orchards. Even though the methodology was developed for irrigation scheduling in the LRGV, it can be used in other locations by transferring the reference crop coefficients using Kc-GDD relationships.

Suggested Citation

  • Samani, Zohrab & Bawazir, Salim & Skaggs, Rhonda & Longworth, John & Piñon, Aldo & Tran, Vien, 2011. "A simple irrigation scheduling approach for pecans," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(4), pages 661-664, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:98:y:2011:i:4:p:661-664
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sammis, T. W. & Mexal, J. G. & Miller, D., 2004. "Evapotranspiration of flood-irrigated pecans," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 69(3), pages 179-190, October.
    2. Bastiaanssen, W. G. M., 1998. "Remote sensing in water resources management: the state of the art," IWMI Books, Reports H022865, International Water Management Institute.
    3. Narendra Gontia & Kamlesh Tiwari, 2010. "Estimation of Crop Coefficient and Evapotranspiration of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) in an Irrigation Command Using Remote Sensing and GIS," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(7), pages 1399-1414, May.
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    1. Pereira, L.S. & Paredes, P. & Melton, F. & Johnson, L. & Wang, T. & López-Urrea, R. & Cancela, J.J. & Allen, R.G., 2020. "Prediction of crop coefficients from fraction of ground cover and height. Background and validation using ground and remote sensing data," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    2. Emile H. Elias & Robert Flynn & Omololu John Idowu & Julian Reyes & Soumaila Sanogo & Brian J. Schutte & Ryann Smith & Caitriana Steele & Carol Sutherland, 2019. "Crop Vulnerability to Weather and Climate Risk: Analysis of Interacting Systems and Adaptation Efficacy for Sustainable Crop Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-25, November.
    3. Mokari, Esmaiil & Samani, Zohrab & Heerema, Richard & Ward, Frank, 2021. "Evaluation of long-term climate change impact on the growing season and water use of mature pecan in Lower Rio Grande Valley," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
    4. Rallo, G. & Paço, T.A. & Paredes, P. & Puig-Sirera, À. & Massai, R. & Provenzano, G. & Pereira, L.S., 2021. "Updated single and dual crop coefficients for tree and vine fruit crops," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    5. Ibraimo, Nadia A. & Taylor, Nicky J. & Steyn, J. Martin & Gush, Mark B. & Annandale, John G., 2016. "Estimating water use of mature pecan orchards: A six stage crop growth curve approach," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 359-368.
    6. Garcia-Vasquez, Ana Cristina & Mokari, Esmaiil & Samani, Zohrab & Fernald, Alexander, 2022. "Using UAV-thermal imaging to calculate crop water use and irrigation efficiency in a flood-irrigated pecan orchard," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).

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