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Tape depth and germination method influence patterns of salt accumulation with subsurface drip irrigation

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  • Roberts, Trenton L.
  • White, Scott A.
  • Warrick, Arthur W.
  • Thompson, Thomas L.

Abstract

Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) can result in accumulation of soluble salts at or near the soil surface. In the southwestern USA, rainfall is usually inadequate for stand establishment, thus supplemental irrigation is necessary. Use of sprinklers to minimize salt concentrations near the soil surface is an alternative to using SDI for stand establishment. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of germination method (irrigation with SDI or sprinklers), depth of SDI tape (0.18 and 0.25 m), and irrigation water salinity (1.5 and 2.6 dS m-1) on salt and Br distribution after each of two consecutive growing seasons. Treatments consisted of factorial combinations of these three factors. Bromide was used to trace salt accumulation from the drip tape. After season 1, the highest salt concentrations (ECe up to 11 dS m-1) were in the top 3 cm of soil. Below 3 cm, soil EC dropped significantly and remained constant to 1.05 m. Similarly, Br concentrations were highest in the top 3 cm of soil. The mass of salt and Br recovered in the top 3 cm were significantly affected by tape depth, and water EC significantly affected salt mass. Salt present in the soil after season 1 adversely affected crop emergence in season 2, where SDI was used for stand establishment. After season 2, the highest salt and Br concentrations were at about 25 cm depth, probably due to ~210 mm of rainfall that occurred near the end of the growing season. There were no significant differences among treatments in the mass of either salt or Br in the top 3 cm or 16 cm of the soil profile after season 2. Timely rainfall, transplanting rather than direct seeding, and changing bed geometry can reduce dependence on sprinklers for stand establishment.

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  • Roberts, Trenton L. & White, Scott A. & Warrick, Arthur W. & Thompson, Thomas L., 2008. "Tape depth and germination method influence patterns of salt accumulation with subsurface drip irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(6), pages 669-677, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:95:y:2008:i:6:p:669-677
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lei Tingwu & Xiao Juan & Li Guangyong & Mao Jianhua & Wang Jianping & Liu Zhizhong & Zhang Jianguo, 2003. "Effect of Drip Irrigation with Saline Water on Water Use Efficiency and Quality of Watermelons," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 17(6), pages 395-408, December.
    2. Ayars, J. E. & Phene, C. J. & Hutmacher, R. B. & Davis, K. R. & Schoneman, R. A. & Vail, S. S. & Mead, R. M., 1999. "Subsurface drip irrigation of row crops: a review of 15 years of research at the Water Management Research Laboratory," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 1-27, September.
    3. Oron, Gideon & DeMalach, Yoel & Gillerman, Leonid & David, Itsik & Rao, V. P., 1999. "Improved saline-water use under subsurface drip irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 19-33, February.
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    2. Ni Gao & Yan Mo & Jiandong Wang & Luhua Yang & Shihong Gong, 2022. "Effects of Flow Path Geometrical Parameters on the Hydraulic Performance of Variable Flow Emitters at the Conventional Water Supply Stage," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-17, September.
    3. Siyal, A.A. & van Genuchten, M. Th. & Skaggs, T.H., 2013. "Solute transport in a loamy soil under subsurface porous clay pipe irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 73-80.
    4. He, Qinsi & Li, Sien & Kang, Shaozhong & Yang, Hanbo & Qin, Shujing, 2018. "Simulation of water balance in a maize field under film-mulching drip irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 252-260.
    5. Wang, Ruoshui & Kang, Yaohu & Wan, Shuqin & Hu, Wei & Liu, Shiping & Liu, Shuhui, 2011. "Salt distribution and the growth of cotton under different drip irrigation regimes in a saline area," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 100(1), pages 58-69.
    6. Bern, Carleton R. & Breit, George N. & Healy, Richard W. & Zupancic, John W. & Hammack, Richard, 2013. "Deep subsurface drip irrigation using coal-bed sodic water: Part I. Water and solute movement," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 122-134.
    7. Malika Mahmoudi & Mohamed Naceur Khelil & Sarra Hechmi & Basma Latrech & Rim Ghrib & Abdelhamid Boujlben & Samir Yacoubi, 2022. "Effect of Surface and Subsurface Drip Irrigation with Treated Wastewater on Soil and Water Productivity of Okra ( Abemoschus esculentus ) Crop in Semi-Arid Region of Tunisia," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-13, November.

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