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Drainage, salt-leaching impacts, and the growth of Salicornia bigelovii irrigated with different saline waters

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Listed:
  • Al-Tamimi, Mansoor
  • Green, Steve
  • Dahr, Wasel Abou
  • Al-Muaini, Ahmed
  • Lyra, Dionysia
  • Ammar, Khalil
  • Dawoud, Mohamed
  • Kenyon, Paul
  • Kemp, Peter
  • Kennedy, Lesley
  • McLachlan, Andrew
  • Clothier, Brent

Abstract

We sought to assess the impact on groundwater of using three types of saline waters to irrigate the halophyte Salicornia bigelovii Torrey in the hyper-arid United Arab Emirates. These were groundwater (GW) at 25 dS m−1, reverse-osmosis brine (RO) from a desalination unit at 40 dS m−1, and the aquabrine (AQ) effluent from land-based aquaculture in tanks filled with RO brine, also at 40 dS m−1. The three waters were applied through bubblers (BUB), pressure-compensated drippers (PCD), or subsurface irrigation tape (SUB). The yields of Salicornia fresh tips, harvest forage, and seed were greatest for AQ applied through BUB, being 650 g m−2. We found 2–2.6 kg m−2 for dry forage yield with AQ through BUB, compared with 1–2.3 kg m−2 for the other waters and emitter devices. The highest water productivities WPI (kg m−3) across all three crop-outputs came from Aquabrine applied by pressure-compensated drippers. We assessed the gross economic water productivity (GEWPI, $ m−3) based solely on gross revenue. The GEWPI was highest for AQ applied through PCD and SUB, namely 5.8–6.2 $ m−3. The value derives primarily from fresh tips. The GEWPl was well above the cost of desalination at $1.5 m−3. We measured drainage and leaching using fluxmeters. The greatest salt load to groundwater came from BUB, being 135–195 kg m−2. For PCD and SUB it was between 14 and 36 kg m−2. Mass-balance calculations of these salt loadings can predict the impact on the saline quality of aquifers. We used an exemplar loading of 75 kg m−2, and results in an annual salinity rise of 2.6 dS m−1 y−1 for an aquifer of saturated depth of 100 m. This significant rate of rise in the salinity of groundwater would represent a continuing deterioration in the utility of groundwater.

Suggested Citation

  • Al-Tamimi, Mansoor & Green, Steve & Dahr, Wasel Abou & Al-Muaini, Ahmed & Lyra, Dionysia & Ammar, Khalil & Dawoud, Mohamed & Kenyon, Paul & Kemp, Peter & Kennedy, Lesley & McLachlan, Andrew & Clothier, 2023. "Drainage, salt-leaching impacts, and the growth of Salicornia bigelovii irrigated with different saline waters," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:289:y:2023:i:c:s0378377423003773
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108512
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Al-Muaini, Ahmed & Green, Steve & Dakheel, Abdullah & Abdullah, Al-Hareth & Abou Dahr, Wasel Abdelwahid & Dixon, Steve & Kemp, Peter & Clothier, Brent, 2019. "Irrigation management with saline groundwater of a date palm cultivar in the hyper-arid United Arab Emirates," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 123-131.
    2. Fernández, J.E. & Alcon, F. & Diaz-Espejo, A. & Hernandez-Santana, V. & Cuevas, M.V., 2020. "Water use indicators and economic analysis for on-farm irrigation decision: A case study of a super high density olive tree orchard," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    3. Mahmoud Ali Abdelfattah & Colin Pain, 2012. "Unifying regional soil maps at different scales to generate a national soil map for the United Arab Emirates applying digital soil mapping techniques," Journal of Maps, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(4), pages 392-405, December.
    4. Tamimi, Mansoor Al & Green, Steve & Hammami, Zied & Ammar, Khalil & Ketbi, Mouza Al & Al-Shrouf, Ali M. & Dawoud, Mohamed & Kennedy, Lesley & Clothier, Brent, 2022. "Evapotranspiration and crop coefficients using lysimeter measurements for food crops in the hyper-arid United Arab Emirates," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
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