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Effects of irrigation regime and rice variety on greenhouse gas emissions and grain yields from paddy fields in central China

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  • Feng, Z.Y.
  • Qin, T.
  • Du, X.Z.
  • Sheng, F.
  • Li, C.F.

Abstract

Increasing irrigation water scarcity is threatening global rice production and sustainability. Accordingly, the cultivation of drought-resistant rice varieties has been strongly advocated to reduce the consumption of irrigation water. However, it remains unclear how the cultivation of drought-resistant rice affects greenhouse gas emissions. Here, a two-year field experiment was conducted to elucidate the effects of irrigation regimes (AWD, alternate wetting and drying; CF, continuous flooding) and rice varieties (drought-resistant rice 7Y88 and 7Y370, and conventional rice HHZ) on the grain yields and greenhouse gas (methane [CH4] and nitrous oxide [N2O]) emissions from paddy fields. The experiment was performed in a split-plot design with three replications. The results showed that AWD significantly reduced water inputs and grain yields compared with CF in both rice growing seasons. On average, 7Y88 and 7Y370 significantly enhanced the water use efficiency by 37.6% and 51.5%, and the grain yields by 33.9% and 47.0% relative to HHZ, respectively. A trade-off between CH4 and N2O emissions was observed under irrigation regimes. Compared with CF, AWD significantly reduced cumulative CH4 emissions by 64.9%, while increased cumulative N2O emissions by 160.0%, and decreased the grain yield by 11.6% on average. AWD also significantly reduced the global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) by 42.2% and 31.6%, respectively. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in GHG emissions, GWP and GHGI were observed between drought-resistant rice varieties and HHZ. The rice variety 7Y370 resulted in the lowest CH4 and N2O emissions, GWP and GHGI among all varieties under both irrigation regimes. These results indicate that the rice variety 7Y370 can be recommended to simultaneously mitigate GWP and maintain grain yields.

Suggested Citation

  • Feng, Z.Y. & Qin, T. & Du, X.Z. & Sheng, F. & Li, C.F., 2021. "Effects of irrigation regime and rice variety on greenhouse gas emissions and grain yields from paddy fields in central China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:250:y:2021:i:c:s0378377421000950
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106830
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Zhao, Xueyin & Chen, Mengting & Xie, Hua & Luo, Wanqi & Wei, Guangfei & Zheng, Shizong & Wu, Conglin & Khan, Shahbaz & Cui, Yuanlai & Luo, Yufeng, 2023. "Analysis of irrigation demands of rice: Irrigation decision-making needs to consider future rainfall," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    4. Liang, Kaiming & Zhong, Xuhua & Fu, Youqiang & Hu, Xiangyu & Li, Meijuan & Pan, Junfeng & Liu, Yanzhuo & Hu, Rui & Ye, Qunhuan, 2023. "Mitigation of environmental N pollution and greenhouse gas emission from double rice cropping system with a new alternate wetting and drying irrigation regime coupled with optimized N fertilization in," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    5. Yao, Xiaochen & Zhang, Zhiyu & Yuan, Fenghui & Song, Changchun, 2024. "The impact of global cropland irrigation on soil carbon dynamics," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    6. Zhang, Binbin & Yan, Sihui & Li, Bin & Wu, Shufang & Feng, Hao & Gao, Xiaodong & Song, Xiaolin & Siddique, Kadambot H.M., 2023. "Combining organic and chemical fertilizer plus water-saving system reduces environmental impacts and improves apple yield in rainfed apple orchards," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    7. Yu Sun & Yongcai Lai & Qi Wang & Qiulai Song & Liang Jin & Xiannan Zeng & Yanjiang Feng & Xinrui Lu, 2022. "Combination of Water-Saving Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization Regulates Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Increases Rice Yields in High-Cold Regions, Northeast China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-16, December.
    8. Jinsong Liu & Yuxuan He & Jin Chen & Shan Huang & Yanni Sun, 2024. "Lime Application Reduces Methane Emissions Induced by Pig Manure Substitution from a Double-Cropped Rice Field," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-14, June.

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