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Effect of irrigation regimes and nitrogen sources on biomass production, water and nitrogen use efficiency and nutrients uptake in coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.)

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  • Jalil Sheshbahreh, Marziyeh
  • Movahhedi Dehnavi, Mohsen
  • Salehi, Amin
  • Bahreininejad, Babak

Abstract

Water is considered as one of the limited and important resources for agricultural production in arid and semi-arid regions such as Iran. Coneflower has been introduced to Iran in the recent decades. In Iran, coneflower is cultivated in dried and semi-dried regions and used as a medicinal plant in the pharmaceutical industry and as a decorative plant as well. This research was aimed to evaluate the effect of chemical and biological nitrogen on biomass production, water and nitrogen use efficiency and nutrients uptake in coneflower under different irrigation regimes. Field experiment was conducted as split plots in randomized complete blocks with three replications during 2015–2016 in Lordegan, Iran. The experimental treatments included irrigation after 25%, 50% and 75% soil water depletion as the main factor, and non-nitrogen levels (control), nitroxin (contains Azotobacter and Azosperillium bacteria), 40 kg N ha−1 nitrogen, combination of nitroxin and nitrogen and 80 kg N ha−1 were considered as the sub-factor. The use of different levels of nitrogen increased the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, nitrate and biological yield in different irrigation levels. The highest nitrogen use efficiency was obtained in the first and second years at irrigation levels following 50% of available water depletion. Moreover, use of 40 kg N ha−1 in the first year and the nitroxin and 40 kg N ha−1 use in the second year resulted in the highest nitrogen use efficiency. The highest water use efficiency in the first year was obtained from irrigation after 25% and 50% of available water depletion and in the second year from irrigation after 50% of soil water depletion. The highest water use efficiency was obtained from use of 80 kg N ha−1 in irrigation after 25% of soil water depletion and use of 80 kg ha−1 N and nitroxin and nitrogen combination in irrigation after 50% of soil water depletion. In general, the results showed that the highest bioyield with less nitrate, higher water and nitrogen use efficiency were obtained using nitrogen and nitroxin combination at irrigation levels after 50% of soil water depletion.

Suggested Citation

  • Jalil Sheshbahreh, Marziyeh & Movahhedi Dehnavi, Mohsen & Salehi, Amin & Bahreininejad, Babak, 2019. "Effect of irrigation regimes and nitrogen sources on biomass production, water and nitrogen use efficiency and nutrients uptake in coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.)," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 358-367.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:213:y:2019:i:c:p:358-367
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2018.10.011
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    1. Tarek E. Sayed & El-Sayed S. Ahmed, 2022. "Elicitation Promoability with Gamma Irradiation, Chitosan and Yeast to Perform Sustainable and Inclusive Development for Marjoram under Organic Agriculture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-10, August.
    2. El-Saied E. Metwaly & Hatim M. Al-Yasi & Esmat F. Ali & Hamada A. Farouk & Saad Farouk, 2022. "Deteriorating Harmful Effects of Drought in Cucumber by Spraying Glycinebetaine," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-16, December.
    3. Li, Huanhuan & Liu, Hao & Gong, Xuewen & Li, Shuang & Pang, Jie & Chen, Zhifang & Sun, Jingsheng, 2021. "Optimizing irrigation and nitrogen management strategy to trade off yield, crop water productivity, nitrogen use efficiency and fruit quality of greenhouse grown tomato," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    4. Attarzadeh, Mahmood & Balouchi, Hamidreza & Rajaie, Majid & Movahhedi Dehnavi, Mohsen & Salehi, Amin, 2019. "Improvement of Echinacea purpurea performance by integration of phosphorus with soil microorganisms under different irrigation regimes," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 221(C), pages 238-247.
    5. Farouk, S. & EL-Metwally, I.M., 2019. "Synergistic responses of drip-irrigated wheat crop to chitosan and/or silicon under different irrigation regimes," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    6. Kamran, Muhammad & Yan, Zhengang & Chang, Shenghua & Ning, Jiao & Lou, Shanning & Ahmad, Irshad & Ghani, Muhammad Usman & Arif, Muhammad & El Sabagh, Ayman & Hou, Fujiang, 2023. "Interactive effects of reduced irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on resource use efficiency, forage nutritive quality, yield, and economic benefits of spring wheat in the arid region of Northwest ," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).

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