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Participatory approach for developing knowledge on organic rice farming: Management strategies and productive performance

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  • Orlando, Francesca
  • Alali, Sumer
  • Vaglia, Valentina
  • Pagliarino, Elena
  • Bacenetti, Jacopo
  • Bocchi, Stefano
  • Bocchi, Stefano

Abstract

Rice is the third grown crop worldwide and responsible of significant environmental impacts. Nevertheless, there is a lack of knowledge concerning the organic rice’ performance and management, probably due to the limits encountered by the reductionist approach in studying complex systems such as an organic paddy. The study proposes a knowledge-intensive and qualitative research methodology based on researcher-farmer participatory approach, with the aim to improve the state of knowledge on organic rice, explore the yield potential and variability, and identify the successful agronomic practices. A wide range of cropping systems placed in North Italy were monitored and analysed during three years by a multi-actor network. Knowledge was generated from collected data and information, integrating the scientific and empirical knowledge on the basis of the DIKW hierarchy and through mutual learning and knowledge sharing tools. The organic rice field proved to be a complex and difficult to predict system, which evolves over the time, under the on-going pressure of the bottom-up innovations, and whose performance depends on many interacting elements. The results highlighted three main knowledge-intensive management strategies, not involving universal recipes but a range of agroecological principles and flexible solutions that the farmers adapt to the time- and space- variability through an active adaptive management. Yield showed a wide variability (0–7 t/ha) and normal distribution (median 4 t/ha). The lower, middle and upper quartiles of yield showed a mean of about 2, 4 and 6 t/ha, respectively, with high variance associated with upper and lower quartiles. The variability sources related to the management and effectiveness in weed control have mainly determined the productivity gap, “Know-how” (suitability of the chosen management plan), “optimization” (timely and accuracy of interventions) and “seed bank” (previous operations and land uses affecting the weeds dynamics) were responsible of the low yield in 77%, 54% and 31% of the cases, respectively, drowning out the impact of climate, soil and variety.

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  • Orlando, Francesca & Alali, Sumer & Vaglia, Valentina & Pagliarino, Elena & Bacenetti, Jacopo & Bocchi, Stefano & Bocchi, Stefano, 2020. "Participatory approach for developing knowledge on organic rice farming: Management strategies and productive performance," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agisys:v:178:y:2020:i:c:s0308521x18312241
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2019.102739
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Elsa T.A. Berthet & C�cile Barnaud & Nathalie Girard & Julie Labatut & Guillaume Martin, 2016. "How to foster agroecological innovations? A comparison of participatory design methods," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 59(2), pages 280-301, February.
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    8. Benjamin Borgy & Xavier Reboud & Nathalie Peyrard & Régis Sabbadin & Sabrina Gaba, 2015. "Dynamics of Weeds in the Soil Seed Bank: A Hidden Markov Model to Estimate Life History Traits from Standing Plant Time Series," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(10), pages 1-15, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tavseef Mairaj Shah & Durga Prasad Babu Nasika & Ralf Otterpohl, 2021. "Plant and Weed Identifier Robot as an Agroecological Tool Using Artificial Neural Networks for Image Identification," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-31, March.
    2. Giovanni Dara Guccione & Elena Pagliarino & Ilaria Borri & Alessandra Vaccaro & Patrizia Borsotto, 2021. "A Participatory Analysis of the Control and Certification System in the Italian Organic Rice Value Chain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-20, February.
    3. Elena Pagliarino & Secondo Rolfo, 2021. "Examining Researchers’ Attitudes, Barriers, and Opportunities for Participatory Research: The Case of the Riso-Biosystems Project on Organic Rice," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-24, April.
    4. Mariem Baccar & Jacques-Eric Bergez & Stephane Couture & Muddu Sekhar & Laurent Ruiz & Delphine Leenhardt, 2021. "Building Climate Change Adaptation Scenarios with Stakeholders for Water Management: A Hybrid Approach Adapted to the South Indian Water Crisis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-15, July.
    5. Claudio Cordoba Correoso & Feni Agostinho & James Rodrigo Smaniotto & Mari Carissimi Boff & Pedro Boff, 2022. "Sustainability Assessment of Family Agricultural Properties: The Importance of Homeopathy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-22, May.
    6. Aare, Ane Kirstine & Lund, Søren & Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, 2021. "Exploring transitions towards sustainable farming practices through participatory research – The case of Danish farmers' use of species mixtures," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    7. Li-Wei Liu & Chun-Tang Lu & Yu-Min Wang & Kuan-Hui Lin & Xingmao Ma & Wen-Shin Lin, 2022. "Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Growth Modeling Based on Growth Degree Day (GDD) and Artificial Intelligence Algorithms," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, January.

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