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A decade of life-course research on fertility of immigrants and their descendants in Europe

Author

Listed:
  • Hill Kulu

    (University of St Andrews)

  • Nadja Milewski

    (Universität Rostock)

  • Tina Hannemann

    (University of Manchester)

  • Júlia Mikolai

    (University of St Andrews)

Abstract

Objective: This article provides an introduction to a special collection on childbearing among the descendants of immigrants in Europe. We first review recent life-course research on fertility of immigrants and their descendants followed by a summary of the papers of this special collection. Finally, we discuss their contribution and future research avenues. Results: The papers of this special collection report significant heterogeneity in childbearing patterns among descendants of immigrants. Some groups have fertility levels similar to those of natives, some have lower fertility, and some exhibit significantly higher fertility. Further, polarisation characterises many descendant groups; some individuals have small families or even remain childless, whereas others have large families. Conclusions: We conclude that factors related to mainstream society, minority subculture, and minority status all shape fertility behaviour of the descendants of immigrants and that their impact varies across descendant groups. Future research should investigate whether the observed heterogeneity in childbearing patterns is likely to decline over generations or the diversity is here to stay. Contribution: This article provides an introduction to a special collection on childbearing among the descendants of immigrants in Europe.

Suggested Citation

  • Hill Kulu & Nadja Milewski & Tina Hannemann & Júlia Mikolai, 2019. "A decade of life-course research on fertility of immigrants and their descendants in Europe," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 40(46), pages 1345-1374.
    • Handle: RePEc:dem:demres:v:40:y:2019:i:46
    DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.2019.40.46
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    12. Hill Kulu & Amparo González-Ferrer, 2014. "Family Dynamics Among Immigrants and Their Descendants in Europe: Current Research and Opportunities," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 30(4), pages 411-435, November.
    13. Tomáš Sobotka, 2008. "Overview Chapter 7: The rising importance of migrants for childbearing in Europe," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 19(9), pages 225-248.
    14. Dudley Poston & Chiung-Fang Chang & Hong Dan, 2006. "Fertility Differences between the Majority and Minority Nationality Groups in China," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 25(1), pages 67-101, February.
    15. Matthijs Kalmijn & Frank Tubergen, 2006. "Ethnic intermarriage in the Netherlands: confirmations and refutations of accepted insights," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 22(4), pages 371-397, December.
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    17. Helen Baykara-Krumme & Nadja Milewski, 2017. "Fertility Patterns Among Turkish Women in Turkey and Abroad: The Effects of International Mobility, Migrant Generation, and Family Background," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 33(3), pages 409-436, July.
    18. Hill Kulu, 2005. "Migration and Fertility: Competing Hypotheses Re-examined," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 21(1), pages 51-87, March.
    19. Mats Lillehagen & Torkild Hovde Lyngstad, 2018. "Immigrant mothers’ preferences for children’s sexes: A register-based study of fertility behaviour in Norway," Population Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 72(1), pages 91-107, January.
    20. Eder Andres Guarin Rojas & Laura Bernardi & Flurina Schmid, 2018. "First and second births among immigrants and their descendants in Switzerland," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 38(11), pages 247-286.
    21. Hill Kulu & Tina Hannemann & Ariane Pailhé & Karel Neels & Sandra Krapf & Amparo González-Ferrer & Gunnar Andersson, 2017. "Fertility by Birth Order among the Descendants of Immigrants in Selected European Countries," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 43(1), pages 31-60, March.
    22. Lisa Van Landschoot & Helga de Valk & Jan Van Bavel, 2017. "Fertility among descendants of immigrants in Belgium: The role of the partner," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 36(60), pages 1827-1858.
    23. Hill Kulu & Tina Hannemann, 2016. "Why does fertility remain high among certain UK-born ethnic minority women?," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 35(49), pages 1441-1488.
    24. Nadja Milewski & Hill Kulu, 2014. "Mixed Marriages in Germany: A High Risk of Divorce for Immigrant-Native Couples," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 30(1), pages 89-113, February.
    25. Ariane Pailhé, 2017. "The convergence of second-generation immigrants' fertility patterns in France: The role of sociocultural distance between parents' and host country," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 36(45), pages 1361-1398.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ka U Ng, 2024. "Inheriting the Homeland? The Influence of Parental Origin-Country Fertility on Ideal Family Size and the Timing of Birth(s) Among the Children of Immigrants in France," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 43(2), pages 1-23, April.
    2. Michaela Potančoková & Guillaume Marois, 2020. "Projecting future births with fertility differentials reflecting women’s educational and migrant characteristics," Vienna Yearbook of Population Research, Vienna Institute of Demography (VID) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna, vol. 18(1), pages 141-166.
    3. Layla Van den Berg & Dimitri Mortelmans, 2022. "Endogamy and relationship dissolution: Does unmarried cohabitation matter?," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 47(17), pages 489-528.
    4. Kenneth Aarskaug Wiik, 2019. "First union formation among the children of immigrants in Norway. Timing and choice of union type," Discussion Papers 917, Statistics Norway, Research Department.
    5. Sehar Ezdi & Ahmet Melik Baş, 2020. "Gender preferences and fertility: Investigating the case of Turkish immigrants in Germany," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 43(3), pages 59-96.
    6. Nadja Milewski & Helen Baykara-Krumme, 2023. "Fertility Behavior of Turkish Migrant Men in Europe Compared to Stayers at Origin," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 115-136, March.
    7. Marianne Tønnessen & Ben Wilson, 2023. "Visualising Immigrant Fertility -- Profiles of Childbearing and their Implications for Migration Research," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 23-46, March.
    8. Konstantin Kazenin & Vladimir Kozlov, 2023. "Ethnicity and fertility of descendants of rural-to-urban migrants: the case of Daghestan (North Caucasus)," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 69-93, March.
    9. Joseph Harrison & Katherine Lisa Keenan & Frank Sullivan & Hill Kulu, 2023. "Union formation and fertility amongst immigrants from Pakistan and their descendants in the United Kingdom: A multichannel sequence analysis," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 48(10), pages 271-320.
    10. Cristina Samper Mejia, 2023. "The Interplay Between the Early Work and Family Trajectories of Young Adult Women Born in West Germany: Differences by Parental Origins," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 345-368, March.
    11. Jesús García-Gómez & Emilio Parrado, 2023. "Early Childbearing of Immigrant Women and Their Descendants in Spain," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 42(4), pages 1-26, August.
    12. Thaís García-Pereiro & Ana Paterno, 2024. "Comparison of short-term fertility intentions of albanian women in Italy with non-migrants in Albania and italian women," Statistical Methods & Applications, Springer;Società Italiana di Statistica, vol. 33(3), pages 999-1024, July.
    13. Jonathan Lindström & Eleonora Mussino & Livia Sz. Oláh, 2022. "Childbearing among Polish migrant women and their descendants in Sweden: an origin-destination country approach," Journal of Population Research, Springer, vol. 39(1), pages 133-155, March.
    14. Allan Puur & Leen Rahnu & Tiit Tammaru, 2023. "Neighbourhoods and Workplaces: Are They Related to the Fertility of Immigrants and Their Descendants? A Register-Based Study of Finland, 1999–2014," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 209-231, March.
    15. Nadja Milewski & Alicia Adserà, 2023. "Introduction: Fertility and Social Inequalities in Migrant Populations: a Look at the Roles of Selection, Context of Reception, and Employment," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 1-21, March.
    16. Eleonora Mussino & Giuseppe Gabrielli & Livia Elisa Ortensi & Salvatore Strozza, 2023. "Fertility Intentions Within a 3-Year Time Frame: a Comparison Between Migrant and Native Italian Women," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 233-260, March.
    17. Bernard Baffour & James Raymer & Ann Evans, 2023. "Recent Trends in Immigrant Fertility in Australia," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 47-67, March.
    18. Tampise Klebo, Daniska & Malancu, Natalia Cornelia & Ruedin, Didier, 2023. "Estimating the Number of Afro-Descendants in Switzerland," SocArXiv wytuj, Center for Open Science.
    19. Synøve Andersen & Alícia Adserà & Marianne Tønnessen, 2023. "Municipality Characteristics and the Fertility of Refugees in Norway," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 165-208, March.
    20. Francesca Decimo, 2021. "The Transnational Making of Population: Migration, Marriage and Fertility Between Morocco and Italy," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 22(1), pages 289-310, March.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    fertility; second generation; ethnic minorities; Europe;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J1 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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