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Estimating mortality from external causes using data from retrospective surveys: A validation study in Niakhar (Senegal)

Author

Listed:
  • Gilles Pison

    (Institut National d'Études Démographiques (INED))

  • Bruno Masquelier

    (Université catholique de Louvain)

  • Almamy Malick Kante

    (Columbia University)

  • Cheikh Tidiane Ndiaye

    (Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie)

  • Laetitia Douillot

    (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD))

  • Géraldine Duthé

    (Institut National d'Études Démographiques (INED))

  • Cheikh Sokhna

    (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD))

  • Valerie Delaunay

    (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD))

  • Stephane Helleringer

    (New York University, Abu Dhabi)

Abstract

Background: In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), data on causes of death is often inaccurate or incomplete. In this paper, we test whether adding a few questions about injuries and accidents to mortality questionnaires used in representative household surveys would yield accurate estimates of the extent of mortality due to external causes (accidents, homicides, or suicides). Methods: We conduct a validation study in Niakhar (Senegal), during which we compare reported survey data to high-quality prospective records of deaths collected by a health and demographic surveillance system (HDSS). Results: Survey respondents more frequently list the deaths of their adult siblings who die of external causes than the deaths of those who die from other causes. The specificity of survey data is high, but sensitivity is low. Among reported deaths, less than 60% of the deaths classified as due to external causes by the HDSS are also classified as such by survey respondents. Survey respondents better report deaths due to road-traffic accidents than deaths from suicides and homicides. Conclusions: Asking questions about deaths resulting from injuries and accidents during surveys might help measure mortality from external causes in LMICs, but the resulting data displays systematic bias in a rural population of Senegal. Future studies should 1) investigate whether similar biases also apply in other settings and 2) test new methods to further improve the accuracy of survey data on mortality from external causes. Contribution: This study helps strengthen the monitoring of sustainable development targets in LMICs by validating a simple approach for the measurement of mortality from external causes.

Suggested Citation

  • Gilles Pison & Bruno Masquelier & Almamy Malick Kante & Cheikh Tidiane Ndiaye & Laetitia Douillot & Géraldine Duthé & Cheikh Sokhna & Valerie Delaunay & Stephane Helleringer, 2018. "Estimating mortality from external causes using data from retrospective surveys: A validation study in Niakhar (Senegal)," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 38(32), pages 879-896.
    • Handle: RePEc:dem:demres:v:38:y:2018:i:32
    DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.2018.38.32
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Nandita Saikia & Moradhvaj Moradhvaj, 2020. "Socioeconomic patterns and determinants of adult mortality due to external-causes in India: Analysis of nationally-representative, population-based survey data," VID Working Papers 2004, Vienna Institute of Demography (VID) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    data quality; external causes of death; injuries; homicide; mortality; road traffic accidents; Senegal; suicide;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J1 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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