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Supervisor–Subordinate Guanxi: Developing a Three-Dimensional Model and Scale

Author

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  • Chen, Ying
  • Friedman, Ray
  • Yu, Enhai
  • Fang, Weihua
  • Lu, Xinping

Abstract

We develop a three-dimensional concept of supervisor-subordinate guanxi. This concept includes affective attachment, personal-life inclusion, and deference to supervisor. Based on this concept, we conducted three studies to develop and validate a three-dimensional supervisor-subordinate guanxi measure and to examine its relationship with related constructs, such as leader-member exchange. Results from Study 1 and Study 2 provide evidence of convergent and discriminant validity of the scale, while Study 3 demonstrates the scale's incremental validity and replicates results from Study 2. Furthermore, in Study 3, we found that the three dimensions of supervisor-subordinate guanxi had different significant effects on commitment, turnover intention, and procedural justice, providing further evidence of criterion-related validity. Overall, these empirical results provide support for our three-dimensional model of supervisor-subordinate guanxi.

Suggested Citation

  • Chen, Ying & Friedman, Ray & Yu, Enhai & Fang, Weihua & Lu, Xinping, 2009. "Supervisor–Subordinate Guanxi: Developing a Three-Dimensional Model and Scale," Management and Organization Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 5(3), pages 375-399, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:maorev:v:5:y:2009:i:03:p:375-399_00
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    Cited by:

    1. Fu Yang & Jun Liu & Zhen Wang & Yucheng Zhang, 2019. "Feeling Energized: A Multilevel Model of Spiritual Leadership, Leader Integrity, Relational Energy, and Job Performance," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 158(4), pages 983-997, September.
    2. Qingguo Zhai & Margaret Lindorff & Brian Cooper, 2013. "Workplace Guanxi: Its Dispositional Antecedents and Mediating Role in the Affectivity–Job Satisfaction Relationship," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 117(3), pages 541-551, October.
    3. Zhang, Gupeng & Wang, Xiao & Duan, Hongbo, 2019. "How does the collaboration with dominant R&D performers impact new R&D employees' innovation performance in different cultural contexts? A comparative study of American and Chinese large firms," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    4. Long Zhang & Yulin Deng & Xin Zhang & Enhua Hu, 2016. "Why do Chinese employees build supervisor-subordinate guanxi? A motivational analysis," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 33(3), pages 617-648, September.
    5. Peixu He & Zhenglong Peng & Hongdan Zhao & Christophe Estay, 2019. "How and When Compulsory Citizenship Behavior Leads to Employee Silence: A Moderated Mediation Model Based on Moral Disengagement and Supervisor–Subordinate Guanxi Views," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 155(1), pages 259-274, March.
    6. Yanhan Zhu & Diwan Li, 2016. "Supervisor–subordinate Guanxi violations: Trickle-down effects beyond the Dyad," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 15(5), pages 399-423, December.
    7. Haeyoung Koo & Choelsoon Park, 2018. "Foundation of leadership in Asia: Leader characteristics and leadership styles review and research agenda," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 35(3), pages 697-718, September.
    8. Matthias Weiss & Laura Joan Salm & Miriam Muethel & Martin Hoegl, 2018. "Team personal-life inclusion in socially- versus task-oriented countries: A cross-cultural study of Chinese versus German teams," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 49(7), pages 919-928, September.
    9. An-Chih Wang & Yanyu Chen & Miao-Sui Hsu & Yi-Chieh Lin & Chou-Yu Tsai, 2022. "Role-based paternalistic exchange: Explaining the joint effect of leader authoritarianism and benevolence on culture-specific follower outcomes," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 39(2), pages 433-455, June.
    10. Zhiyu Feng & Fong Keng-Highberger & Kai Chi Yam & Xiao-Ping Chen & Hu Li, 2023. "Wolves in Sheep’s Clothing: How and When Machiavellian Leaders Demonstrate Strategic Abuse," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 184(1), pages 255-280, April.
    11. Peixu He & Rui Sun & Hongdan Zhao & Linlin Zheng & Chuangang Shen, 2022. "Linking work-related and non-work-related supervisor–subordinate relationships to knowledge hiding: a psychological safety lens," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(4), pages 525-546, September.
    12. Long Zhang & Yulin Deng, 2016. "Guanxi with Supervisor and Counterproductive Work Behavior: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 134(3), pages 413-427, March.
    13. Long Zhang & Yulin Deng & Qun Wang, 2014. "An Exploratory Study of Chinese Motives for Building Supervisor–Subordinate Guanxi," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 124(4), pages 659-675, November.

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