IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/col/000151/009334.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Etnia y rendimiento académico en Colombia

Author

Listed:
  • Andrés Sanchez - Jabba

Abstract

Resumen: En Colombia, los estudiantes pertenecientes a una etnia presentan un rendimiento inferior alde sus pares no étnicos en pruebas académicas estandarizadas, en las áreas de matemáticas y lenguaje. Dicha brecha es persistente a nivel departamental, especialmente entre los departamentosdonde reside un alto porcentaje de población etnica. Con base en los resultados de la prueba SABER 11, este estudio analiza la brecha entre el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes étnicos y los no étnicos, y la descompone en factores relacionados con las características observables, como: familia y colegio; así como factores no observables. Se utiliza la metodología de Blinder y Oaxaca, extendida al análisis de regresiones por cuantiles. Los resultados indican que en los departamentos donde la brecha académica es estadísticamente significativa, la mayor parte es atribuible a factores no observables. Sin embargo, para distintos niveles de desempeno académico, el comportamiento de la misma y sus factores explicativos son diversos.Abstract:In Colombia, students from an ethnic group have a lower academic achievement with respect to their non-ethnic peers in standardized test scores on math and language. This gap is persistent at a state level, especially in high ethnic density states. Using information from the state academic test (SABER 11), this study corroborates the existence of an academic gap between ethnic and non-ethnic students and, additionally, decomposes it in factors related to observable characteristics, such as family and school; and non-observable factors. The methodology proposed by Blinder and Oaxaca applied to quantile regression is used in order to determine the existence of test score gaps throughout the distribution of academic performance. Results indicate that for states where there is a statistically significant gap, a sizeable portion of it is attributed to nonobservable factors. Nonetheless, at distinct levels of academic performance, the gap size and the extent to which it can be attributed non-observable factors vary according to the state.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrés Sanchez - Jabba, 2011. "Etnia y rendimiento académico en Colombia," Revista de Economía del Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000151:009334
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://revistas.urosario.edu.co/index.php/economia/article/view/2158/1886
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Victor Chernozhukov & Iván Fernández‐Val & Blaise Melly, 2013. "Inference on Counterfactual Distributions," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 81(6), pages 2205-2268, November.
    2. Jairo Núnez & Roberto Steiner & Ximena Cadena & Renata Pardo, 2002. "¿Cuáles Colegios Ofrecen Mejor Educación En Colombia?," Documentos CEDE 3796, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    3. Romero-Prieto, Julio Enrique, 2011. "Educación, calidad de vida y otras desventajas económicas de los indígenas en Colombia," Chapters, in: Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo (ed.), Dimensión regional de las desigualdades en Colombia, chapter 5, pages 167-206, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    4. Juan D. Barón, 2011. "Sensibilidad de la oferta de migrantes internos a las condiciones del mercado laboral en las principales ciudades de Colombia," Documentos de Trabajo Sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 8831, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
    5. Ben Jann, 2008. "The Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition for linear regression models," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 8(4), pages 453-479, December.
    6. Oaxaca, Ronald, 1973. "Male-Female Wage Differentials in Urban Labor Markets," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 14(3), pages 693-709, October.
    7. Galvis-Aponte, Luis Armando, 2011. "Diferenciales salariales por género y región en Colombia : una aproximación con regresión por cuantiles," Chapters, in: Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo (ed.), Dimensión regional de las desigualdades en Colombia, chapter 6, pages 209-252, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    8. George Martine, 1975. "Volume, characteristics and consequences of internal migration in Colombia," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 12(2), pages 193-208, May.
    9. Alan S. Blinder, 1973. "Wage Discrimination: Reduced Form and Structural Estimates," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 8(4), pages 436-455.
    10. José Mata & José A. F. Machado, 2005. "Counterfactual decomposition of changes in wage distributions using quantile regression," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 20(4), pages 445-465.
    11. Romero-Prieto, Julio Enrique, 2011. "El éxito económico de los costeños en Bogotá : migración interna y capital humano," Chapters, in: Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo (ed.), Dimensión regional de las desigualdades en Colombia, chapter 7, pages 255-283, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    12. Koenker, Roger W & Bassett, Gilbert, Jr, 1978. "Regression Quantiles," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 46(1), pages 33-50, January.
    13. Carlos G. Ospino & Paola Roldán Vasquez & Nacira Barraza Narváez, 2010. "Oaxaca-Blinder wage decomposition: Methods, critiques and applications. A literature review," Revista de Economía del Caribe 7807, Universidad del Norte.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Domenico Depalo & Raffaela Giordano & Evangelia Papapetrou, 2015. "Public–private wage differentials in euro-area countries: evidence from quantile decomposition analysis," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 49(3), pages 985-1015, November.
    2. Dang, Rui, 2015. "Explaining the body mass index gaps between Turkish immigrants and Germans in West Germany 2002-2012: A decomposition analysis of socio-economic causes," Ruhr Economic Papers 580, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    3. Fortin, Nicole & Lemieux, Thomas & Firpo, Sergio, 2011. "Decomposition Methods in Economics," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 1, pages 1-102, Elsevier.
    4. Avinno Faruk, 2021. "Analysing the glass ceiling and sticky floor effects in Bangladesh: evidence, extent and elements," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 1(9), pages 1-23, September.
    5. Victor Chernozhukov & Iván Fernández‐Val & Blaise Melly, 2013. "Inference on Counterfactual Distributions," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 81(6), pages 2205-2268, November.
    6. Daniela Piazzalunga & Maria Laura Di Tommaso, 2019. "The increase of the gender wage gap in Italy during the 2008-2012 economic crisis," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 17(2), pages 171-193, June.
    7. Zhu, Rong, 2016. "Wage differentials between urban residents and rural migrants in urban China during 2002–2007: A distributional analysis," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 2-14.
    8. Collischon Matthias, 2019. "Is There a Glass Ceiling over Germany?," German Economic Review, De Gruyter, vol. 20(4), pages 329-359, December.
    9. Sonja C. Kassenboehmer & Mathias G. Sinning, 2014. "Distributional Changes in the Gender Wage Gap," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 67(2), pages 335-361, April.
    10. Böheim, René & Himpele, Klemens & Mahringer, Helmut & Zulehner, Christine, 2013. "The distribution of the gender wage gap in Austria : evidence from matched employer-employee data and tax records," Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 46(1), pages 19-34.
    11. Rahman, Mustafizur & Al-Hasan, Md., 2018. "Male-Female wage gap and informal employment in Bangladesh: A quantile regression approach," MPRA Paper 90131, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Amal Jmaii & Damien Rousselière & Christophe Daniel, 2017. "Semi†parametric Regression†based Decomposition Methods: Evidence from Regional Inequality in Tunisia," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 29(4), pages 660-673, December.
    13. Mustafizur Rahman & Marzuka Md. Al-Hasan, 2019. "Women in Bangladesh Labour Market: Determinants of Participation, Gender Wage Gap and Returns to Schooling," CPD Working Paper 124, Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD).
    14. Qin, Yu & Zhu, Hongjia & Zhu, Rong, 2016. "Changes in the distribution of land prices in urban China during 2007–2012," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 77-90.
    15. Richey, Jeremiah & Rosburg, Alicia, 2016. "Understanding intergenerational economic mobility by decomposing joint distributions," MPRA Paper 72665, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Sandeep Mohapatra & Bruno Wichmann & Philippe Marcoul, 2018. "Removing The “Veil Of Ignorance”: Nonlinearities In Education Effects On Gender Wage Inequalities," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 36(4), pages 644-666, October.
    17. Jeremiah Richey & Alicia Rosburg, 2018. "Decomposing economic mobility transition matrices," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(1), pages 91-108, January.
    18. Böheim, René & Himpele, Klemens & Mahringer, Helmut & Zulehner, Christine, 2013. "The distribution of the gender wage gap in Austria : evidence from matched employer-employee data and tax records," Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 46(1), pages 19-34.
    19. Thomschke, Lorenz, 2015. "Changes in the distribution of rental prices in Berlin," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 88-100.
    20. Indunil De Silva, 2013. "Endowments Versus Returns: Counterfactual Quantile Decomposition Of Urban–Rural Inequality In Sri Lanka," Review of Urban & Regional Development Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(1), pages 47-60, March.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Rendimiento académico; etnia; educaciónacademic performance; ethnicity; education.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:col:000151:009334. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Facultad de Economía (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ferosco.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.