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Diverging Ambitions and Instruments for Citizen Participation across Different Stages in Green Infrastructure Projects

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  • Jannes J. Willems

    (Department of Public Administration & Sociology, Erasmus School of Behavioural and Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands)

  • Astrid Molenveld

    (Department of Public Administration & Sociology, Erasmus School of Behavioural and Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands / Research Group on Politics & Public Governance, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium)

  • William Voorberg

    (Department of Public Administration & Sociology, Erasmus School of Behavioural and Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands)

  • Geert Brinkman

    (Department of Public Administration & Sociology, Erasmus School of Behavioural and Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands)

Abstract

Both theory and practice increasingly argue that creating green infrastructure in order to make cities climate-proof requires joint public service delivery across the green infrastructure’s lifecycle. Accordingly, citizen participation in each green infrastructure project stage is required, but the type of participation may differ. So far, limited research has been conducted to detangle how participation in green infrastructure projects is operationalised along the different project stages. This article, therefore, presents a comparative case study of nine European green infrastructure projects, in which we aim to determine: (1) how participatory ambitions may differ across green infrastructure project phases; and (2) which instruments are used to realise the participatory ambitions for each phase and whether these instruments differ across stages. The cases demonstrate different participation ambitions and means in the three project phases distinguished in this article (i.e., design, delivery, and maintenance). The design and maintenance stages resulted in high participation ambitions using organisational instruments (e.g., living labs, partnerships with community groups) and market-based instruments (e.g., open calls). In the delivery phase, participation ambitions decreased significantly in our cases, relying on legal instruments (e.g., statutory consultation) and communicative instruments (e.g., community events). Altogether, our exploratory study helps to define participation across the green infrastructure lifecycle: Early stages focus on creating shared commitment that legitimises the green infrastructure, while later stages are also driven by instrumental motives (lowering management costs). Although theory argues for profound participation in the delivery stage as well, our cases show the contrary. Future research can assess this discrepancy.

Suggested Citation

  • Jannes J. Willems & Astrid Molenveld & William Voorberg & Geert Brinkman, 2020. "Diverging Ambitions and Instruments for Citizen Participation across Different Stages in Green Infrastructure Projects," Urban Planning, Cogitatio Press, vol. 5(1), pages 22-32.
    • Handle: RePEc:cog:urbpla:v5:y:2020:i:1:p:22-32
    DOI: 10.17645/up.v5i1.2613
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    References listed on IDEAS

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