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Vocational Education and Employment: Explaining Cohort Variations in Life Course Patterns

Author

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  • Fabian Kratz

    (Sociology Department, University of Munich, Germany)

  • Alexander Patzina

    (IAB—Institute for Employment Research, Germany)

  • Corinna Kleinert

    (LIfBi—Leibniz Institute for Educational Trajectories, Germany / Sociology Department, University of Bamberg, Germany)

  • Hans Dietrich

    (IAB—Institute for Employment Research, Germany)

Abstract

A stylized finding on returns to vocational education is that vocational compared to general education generates a differential life course pattern of employability: while vocational education guarantees smooth transitions into the labour market and thus generates initial advantages, these erode with increasing age, leading to late-life reversals in employment chances. We contribute to this research by assessing cohort variations in life-cycle patterns and distinguishing two explanations for late-life reversals in employment chances. The adaptability argument states that this phenomenon is due to the lower adaptability and occupational flexibility of those with vocational education. In contrast, the health argument states that vocational education leads to physically more demanding occupations, faster health deterioration, and, thus, lower employability in later life. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, we employ non-parametric state probability analysis to assess cohort variations in employment patterns, and mediation analysis to assess how much of the late-life reversal of employment patterns is due to a faster health deterioration among the vocationally educated. Results show that the early life advantage of vocational education increases across cohorts. Furthermore, those with vocational education exhibit faster health deterioration, and a small part of the late-life employment disadvantage of this group works through lower levels of health after midlife.

Suggested Citation

  • Fabian Kratz & Alexander Patzina & Corinna Kleinert & Hans Dietrich, 2019. "Vocational Education and Employment: Explaining Cohort Variations in Life Course Patterns," Social Inclusion, Cogitatio Press, vol. 7(3), pages 224-253.
    • Handle: RePEc:cog:socinc:v7:y:2019:i:3:p:224-253
    DOI: 10.17645/si.v7i3.2045
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Andrew Bell & Kelvyn Jones, 2014. "Another 'futile quest'? A simulation study of Yang and Land's Hierarchical Age-Period-Cohort model," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 30(11), pages 333-360.
    3. Ulrich Kohler, 2011. "Comparing coefficients between nested nonlinear probability models," German Stata Users' Group Meetings 2011 08, Stata Users Group.
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    Cited by:

    1. Alexander Patzina & Hans Dietrich & Anton Barabasch, 2022. "Health, Personality Disorders, Work Commitment, and Training‐to‐Employment Transitions," Social Inclusion, Cogitatio Press, vol. 10(2), pages 369-382.
    2. Irene Kriesi & Juerg Schweri, 2019. "Types of Education, Achievement and Labour Market Integration over the Life Course," Social Inclusion, Cogitatio Press, vol. 7(3), pages 58-64.

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