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Bildung in der Coronakrise: Wie haben die Schulkinder die Zeit der Schulschließungen verbracht, und welche Bildungsmaßnahmen befürworten die Deutschen?

Author

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  • Ludger Wößmann
  • Vera Freundl
  • Elisabeth Grewenig
  • Philipp Lergetporer
  • Katharina Werner
  • Larissa Zierow

Abstract

Im ersten Teil berichten wir Ergebnisse einer Umfrage von über 1 000 Eltern von Schulkindern zu den Corona-bedingten Schulschließungen. Die Zeit, die Schulkinder mit schulischen Aktivitäten verbracht haben, hat sich während Corona von 7,4 auf 3,6 Stunden täglich halbiert. 38% der Schüler*innen haben höchstens zwei Stunden pro Tag gelernt, 74% höchstens vier Stunden. Dafür ist die mit Tätigkeiten wie Fernsehen, Computerspielen und Handy verbrachte Zeit von 4,0 auf 5,2 Stunden täglich gestiegen. Bei Akademikerkindern war der Rückgang der schulischen Aktivitäten ähnlich stark wie bei Nicht-Akademikerkindern, der Anstieg der passiven Tätigkeiten war etwas geringer. Vor allem leistungsschwächere Schüler*innen ersetzten Lernen durch passive Tätigkeiten. Mehr als die Hälfte der Schüler*innen (57%) hatte seltener als einmal pro Woche gemeinsamen Online-Unterricht, nur 6% täglich. Noch seltener hatten die Schüler*innen individuellen Kontakt mit ihren Lehrkräften. Besonders davon betroffen waren Nicht-Akademikerkinder und leistungsschwächere Schüler*innen. Fast alle Schüler*innen (96%) erhielten wöchentlich Aufgabenblätter zur Bearbeitung, knapp zwei Drittel (64%) bekamen dazu zumindest einmal pro Woche Rückmeldung. Im zweiten Teil untersuchen wir anhand einer repräsentativen Stichprobe die Meinung der deutschen Bevölkerung zur Bildungspolitik während Corona. Große Mehrheiten befürworten verpflichtenden Online-Unterricht bei Schulschließung (79%), Anweisungen der Lehrkräfte zu täglichem Kontakt mit den Schüler*innen (78%) und eine intensivere Betreuung von Kindern aus schwierigen sozialen Verhältnissen (83%). Verschiedene Corona-Schutzmaßnahmen in der Schule sind ebenfalls mehrheitsfähig.

Suggested Citation

  • Ludger Wößmann & Vera Freundl & Elisabeth Grewenig & Philipp Lergetporer & Katharina Werner & Larissa Zierow, 2020. "Bildung in der Coronakrise: Wie haben die Schulkinder die Zeit der Schulschließungen verbracht, und welche Bildungsmaßnahmen befürworten die Deutschen?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 73(09), pages 25-39, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:ces:ifosdt:v:73:y:2020:i:09:p:25-39
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Erik Hanushek & Stephen Machin & Ludger Woessmann (ed.), 2011. "Handbook of the Economics of Education," Handbook of the Economics of Education, Elsevier, edition 1, volume 4, number 4, June.
    2. Grewenig, Elisabeth & Lergetporer, Philipp & Simon, Lisa & Werner, Katharina & Woessmann, Ludger, 2018. "Can Online Surveys Represent the Entire Population?," IZA Discussion Papers 11799, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Björklund, Anders & Salvanes, Kjell G., 2011. "Education and Family Background: Mechanisms and Policies," Handbook of the Economics of Education, in: Erik Hanushek & Stephen Machin & Ludger Woessmann (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Education, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 3, pages 201-247, Elsevier.
    4. Ludger Wößmann & Philipp Lergetporer & Franziska Kugler & Katharina Werner & Franziska Pfaehler, 2014. "Was die Deutschen über die Bildungspolitik denken – Ergebnisse des ersten ifo Bildungsbarometers," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 67(18), pages 16-33, September.
    5. Elisabeth Grewenig & Sarah Kersten & Franziska Kugler & Philipp Lergetporer & Franziska Werner & Ludger Wößmann & Franziska Pfaehler & Katharina Werner, 2019. "Was die Deutschen über Bildungsungleichheit denken," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 72(17), pages 03-17, September.
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    1. Freundl Vera & Grewenig Elisabeth & Kugler Franziska & Lergetporer Philipp & Schüler Ruth & Wedel Katharina & Werner Katharina & Wirth Olivia & Woessmann Ludger, 2023. "The ifo Education Survey 2014–2021: A New Dataset on Public Preferences for Education Policy in Germany," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 243(6), pages 699-710, December.
    2. Werner, Katharina & Woessmann, Ludger, 2021. "The Legacy of COVID-19 in Education," IZA Discussion Papers 14796, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Nicola Fuchs-Schündeln, 2022. "Covid-Induced School Closures in the US and Germany: Long-Term Distributional Effects," CESifo Working Paper Series 9698, CESifo.
    4. Ludger Wößmann & Vera Freundl & Elisabeth Grewenig & Philipp Lergetporer & Katharina Werner, 2020. "Deutsche sind für mehr Einheitlichkeit und Vergleichbarkeit im Bildungssystem – Ergebnisse des ifo Bildungsbarometers 2020," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 73(09), pages 40-48, September.
    5. Silke Anger & Malte Sandner & Alexander M. Danzer & Axel Plünnecke & Olaf Köller & Enzo Weber & Samuel Mühlemann & Harald Pfeifer & Bernhard Wittek, 2020. "Schulschließungen, fehlende Ausbildungsplätze, keine Jobs: Generation ohne Zukunft?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 73(09), pages 03-24, September.
    6. Ludger Wößmann, 2021. "Bildungsverluste durch Corona: Wie lassen sie sich aufholen?," Wirtschaftsdienst, Springer;ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 101(3), pages 150-151, March.
    7. Drewek, Peter, 2020. "Bildungsdefizite coronabedingter Schulschließungen? Eine bildungshistorische Analyse," ZEW Discussion Papers 20-073, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    8. Grewenig, Elisabeth & Lergetporer, Philipp & Werner, Katharina & Woessmann, Ludger & Zierow, Larissa, 2021. "COVID-19 and educational inequality: How school closures affect low- and high-achieving students," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    9. Nicola Fuchs-Schündeln, 2022. "Covid-induced school closures in the United States and Germany: long-term distributional effects," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 37(112), pages 609-639.
    10. Ludger Wößmann & Vera Freundl & Elisabeth Grewenig & Philipp Lergetporer & Katharina Werner & Larissa Zierow, 2021. "Bildung erneut im Lockdown: Wie verbrachten Schulkinder die Schulschließungen Anfang 2021?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 74(05), pages 36-52, May.
    11. Julia Freuding & Klaus Wohlrabe, 2021. "Die Dauer der Einschränkungen des öffentlichen Lebens und die Normalisierung der Geschäftslage: Was erwarten die Unternehmen?," ifo Schnelldienst Digital, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 2(4), February.
    12. Simon Barlovits & Amélia Caldeira & Georgios Fesakis & Simone Jablonski & Despoina Koutsomanoli Filippaki & Claudia Lázaro & Matthias Ludwig & Maria Flavia Mammana & Ana Moura & Deng-Xin Ken Oehler & , 2022. "Adaptive, Synchronous, and Mobile Online Education: Developing the ASYMPTOTE Learning Environment," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-36, May.
    13. Florian Dorn & Janos Gabler & Hans-Martin von Gaudecker & Andreas Peichl & Tobias Raabe & Klara Röhrl, 2020. "Wenn Menschen (keine) Menschen treffen: Simulation der Auswirkungen von Politikmaßnahmen zur Eindämmung der zweiten Covid-19-Welle," ifo Schnelldienst Digital, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 1(15), November.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Schule; Bildungswesen; Bildungseinrichtung; Epidemie;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education

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