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Bildung in der Coronakrise: Wie haben die Schulkinder die Zeit der Schulschließungen verbracht, und welche Bildungsmaßnahmen befürworten die Deutschen?

Author

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  • Ludger Wößmann
  • Vera Freundl
  • Elisabeth Grewenig
  • Philipp Lergetporer
  • Katharina Werner
  • Larissa Zierow

Abstract

Im ersten Teil berichten wir Ergebnisse einer Umfrage von über 1 000 Eltern von Schulkindern zu den Corona-bedingten Schulschließungen. Die Zeit, die Schulkinder mit schulischen Aktivitäten verbracht haben, hat sich während Corona von 7,4 auf 3,6 Stunden täglich halbiert. 38% der Schüler*innen haben höchstens zwei Stunden pro Tag gelernt, 74% höchstens vier Stunden. Dafür ist die mit Tätigkeiten wie Fernsehen, Computerspielen und Handy verbrachte Zeit von 4,0 auf 5,2 Stunden täglich gestiegen. Bei Akademikerkindern war der Rückgang der schulischen Aktivitäten ähnlich stark wie bei Nicht-Akademikerkindern, der Anstieg der passiven Tätigkeiten war etwas geringer. Vor allem leistungsschwächere Schüler*innen ersetzten Lernen durch passive Tätigkeiten. Mehr als die Hälfte der Schüler*innen (57%) hatte seltener als einmal pro Woche gemeinsamen Online-Unterricht, nur 6% täglich. Noch seltener hatten die Schüler*innen individuellen Kontakt mit ihren Lehrkräften. Besonders davon betroffen waren Nicht-Akademikerkinder und leistungsschwächere Schüler*innen. Fast alle Schüler*innen (96%) erhielten wöchentlich Aufgabenblätter zur Bearbeitung, knapp zwei Drittel (64%) bekamen dazu zumindest einmal pro Woche Rückmeldung. Im zweiten Teil untersuchen wir anhand einer repräsentativen Stichprobe die Meinung der deutschen Bevölkerung zur Bildungspolitik während Corona. Große Mehrheiten befürworten verpflichtenden Online-Unterricht bei Schulschließung (79%), Anweisungen der Lehrkräfte zu täglichem Kontakt mit den Schüler*innen (78%) und eine intensivere Betreuung von Kindern aus schwierigen sozialen Verhältnissen (83%). Verschiedene Corona-Schutzmaßnahmen in der Schule sind ebenfalls mehrheitsfähig.

Suggested Citation

  • Ludger Wößmann & Vera Freundl & Elisabeth Grewenig & Philipp Lergetporer & Katharina Werner & Larissa Zierow, 2020. "Bildung in der Coronakrise: Wie haben die Schulkinder die Zeit der Schulschließungen verbracht, und welche Bildungsmaßnahmen befürworten die Deutschen?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 73(09), pages 25-39, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:ces:ifosdt:v:73:y:2020:i:09:p:25-39
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    1. Björklund, Anders & Salvanes, Kjell G., 2011. "Education and Family Background: Mechanisms and Policies," Handbook of the Economics of Education, in: Erik Hanushek & Stephen Machin & Ludger Woessmann (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Education, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 3, pages 201-247, Elsevier.
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    1. Freundl Vera & Grewenig Elisabeth & Kugler Franziska & Lergetporer Philipp & Schüler Ruth & Wedel Katharina & Werner Katharina & Wirth Olivia & Woessmann Ludger, 2023. "The ifo Education Survey 2014–2021: A New Dataset on Public Preferences for Education Policy in Germany," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 243(6), pages 699-710, December.
    2. Ludger Wößmann, 2021. "Bildungsverluste durch Corona: Wie lassen sie sich aufholen?," Wirtschaftsdienst, Springer;ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 101(3), pages 150-151, March.
    3. Drewek, Peter, 2020. "Bildungsdefizite coronabedingter Schulschließungen? Eine bildungshistorische Analyse," ZEW Discussion Papers 20-073, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    4. Werner, Katharina & Woessmann, Ludger, 2021. "The Legacy of COVID-19 in Education," IZA Discussion Papers 14796, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Grewenig, Elisabeth & Lergetporer, Philipp & Werner, Katharina & Woessmann, Ludger & Zierow, Larissa, 2021. "COVID-19 and educational inequality: How school closures affect low- and high-achieving students," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    6. Ludger Wößmann & Vera Freundl & Elisabeth Grewenig & Philipp Lergetporer & Katharina Werner & Larissa Zierow, 2021. "Bildung erneut im Lockdown: Wie verbrachten Schulkinder die Schulschließungen Anfang 2021?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 74(05), pages 36-52, May.
    7. Julia Freuding & Klaus Wohlrabe, 2021. "Die Dauer der Einschränkungen des öffentlichen Lebens und die Normalisierung der Geschäftslage: Was erwarten die Unternehmen?," ifo Schnelldienst Digital, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 2(4), February.
    8. Nicola Fuchs-Schündeln, 2022. "Covid-Induced School Closures in the US and Germany: Long-Term Distributional Effects," CESifo Working Paper Series 9698, CESifo.
    9. Simon Barlovits & Amélia Caldeira & Georgios Fesakis & Simone Jablonski & Despoina Koutsomanoli Filippaki & Claudia Lázaro & Matthias Ludwig & Maria Flavia Mammana & Ana Moura & Deng-Xin Ken Oehler & , 2022. "Adaptive, Synchronous, and Mobile Online Education: Developing the ASYMPTOTE Learning Environment," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-36, May.
    10. Silke Anger & Malte Sandner & Alexander M. Danzer & Axel Plünnecke & Olaf Köller & Enzo Weber & Samuel Mühlemann & Harald Pfeifer & Bernhard Wittek, 2020. "Schulschließungen, fehlende Ausbildungsplätze, keine Jobs: Generation ohne Zukunft?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 73(09), pages 03-24, September.
    11. Nicola Fuchs-Schündeln, 2022. "Covid-induced school closures in the United States and Germany: long-term distributional effects," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 37(112), pages 609-639.
    12. Florian Dorn & Janos Gabler & Hans-Martin von Gaudecker & Andreas Peichl & Tobias Raabe & Klara Röhrl, 2020. "Wenn Menschen (keine) Menschen treffen: Simulation der Auswirkungen von Politikmaßnahmen zur Eindämmung der zweiten Covid-19-Welle," ifo Schnelldienst Digital, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 1(15), November.
    13. Ludger Wößmann & Vera Freundl & Elisabeth Grewenig & Philipp Lergetporer & Katharina Werner, 2020. "Deutsche sind für mehr Einheitlichkeit und Vergleichbarkeit im Bildungssystem – Ergebnisse des ifo Bildungsbarometers 2020," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 73(09), pages 40-48, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Schule; Bildungswesen; Bildungseinrichtung; Epidemie;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education

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