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The development of lucerne root morphology traits under high initial stand density within a seven year period

Author

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  • J. Hakl

    (Department of Forage Crops and Grassland Management, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic)

  • P. Fuksa

    (Department of Forage Crops and Grassland Management, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic)

  • J. Šantrůček

    (Department of Forage Crops and Grassland Management, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic)

  • K. Mášková

    (Department of Forage Crops and Grassland Management, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic)

Abstract

The root system of plants is generally regarded as a factor, which is in relation to important agronomic and ecological characteristics. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high initial stand density on the reduction in development of lucerne root morphology traits and how long-term this effect would be. In spring 2003, a field experiment with six lucerne entries in randomized blocks was established. Broadcast sowing was used and the seeding rate was 5000 germinated seeds per m2. In 2003-2009, the plants were sampled in each plot in autumn; the average depth of sampling was 0.2 m. The stand density reached an average value of 860 plants per m2 in the autumn of the seeding year and this strongly reduced the root weight, tap-root diameter, position and number of lateral roots. The subsequent decrease of stand density to 57 plants/m2 in 2009 was not linear but it was extremely quick from the 1st to 2nd year and, by contrast, it was extremely slow in the last three years. It indicates that older plants with larger tap-root diameter probably have a higher persistency. All evaluated root traits were developed slowly, nevertheless, they reached common values during a seven year period. The intensity of the relation of stand density to root weight or tap-root diameter increased over time whilst it decreased to the ratio of root-branched plants. Results suggest that an assessment of density in samples should be recommended for the varieties evaluation in case of irregularly-spaced plants because the differences in root morphology among varieties could be caused by the differences in density among the varieties. It is possible to conclude that lucerne stands under higher initial density provided a strongly reduced speed of root development with an impact on important agronomic traits connected with root morphology.

Suggested Citation

  • J. Hakl & P. Fuksa & J. Šantrůček & K. Mášková, 2011. "The development of lucerne root morphology traits under high initial stand density within a seven year period," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 57(2), pages 81-87.
  • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:57:y:2011:i:2:id:186-2010-pse
    DOI: 10.17221/186/2010-PSE
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. S. Hejduk & P. Knot, 2010. "Effect of provenance and ploidity of red clover varieties on productivity, persistence and growth pattern in mixture with grasses," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 56(3), pages 111-119.
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    4. P. Svoboda & J. Haberle, 2006. "The effect of nitrogen fertilization on root distribution of winter wheat," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 52(7), pages 308-313.
    5. J. Hakl & J. Šantrůček & P. Fuksa & L. Krajíc, 2010. "The use of indirect methods for the prediction of lucerne quality in the first cut under the conditions of Central Europe," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 55(6), pages 258-265.
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    Cited by:

    1. J. Hakl & E. Kunzová & J. Konečná, 2016. "Impact of long-term organic and mineral fertilization on lucerne forage yield over an 8-year period," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 62(1), pages 36-41.
    2. J. Hakl & P. Fuksa & J. Habart & J. Šantrůček, 2012. "The biogas production from lucerne biomass in relation to term of harvest," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 58(6), pages 289-294.

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