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Is There an International Convergence in Defence Burdens? Some Initial Findings

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  • Arvanitidis Paschalis

    (Department of Economics, University of Thessaly, 43 Korai Street, 38333, Volos, Greece)

  • Kollias Christos

    (Department of Economics, University of Thessaly, 43 Korai Street, 38333, Volos, Greece)

  • Anastasopoulos Konstantinos

    (Department of Economics, University of Thessaly, 43 Korai Street, 38333, Volos, Greece)

Abstract

This paper examines whether or not there is convergence in defence burdens across the world. To this effect, σ-convergence and β-convergence methodologies are employed. The sample consists of 128 countries and covers the period 1988–2008. Initial findings reported herein point to a process of convergence in defence burdens possibly reflecting the emergence of defence policies that share similar characteristics at least in terms of the allocation of resources.

Suggested Citation

  • Arvanitidis Paschalis & Kollias Christos & Anastasopoulos Konstantinos, 2014. "Is There an International Convergence in Defence Burdens? Some Initial Findings," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 20(4), pages 611-620, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:bpj:pepspp:v:20:y:2014:i:4:p:10:n:5
    DOI: 10.1515/peps-2014-0030
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Charles Shaaba Saba & Nicholas Ngepah & Christian Nsiah, 2020. "Convergence in military expenditure and economic growth in Africa and its regional economic communities: evidence from a club clustering algorithm," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(1), pages 1832344-183, January.
    2. Paschalis Arvanitidis & Christos Kollias & Petros Messis, 2016. "Asymmetric Convergence in Globalization? Findings from a Disaggregated Analysis," Managing Global Transitions, University of Primorska, Faculty of Management Koper, vol. 14(2 (Summer), pages 117-135.
    3. Christos Kollias & Paschalis Arvanitidis, 2018. "Phases of Imitation and Innovation in a North-South Endogenous Growth Model," Working Papers 1001, European Centre of Peace Science, Integration and Cooperation (CESPIC), Catholic University 'Our Lady of Good Counsel'.
    4. Caruso Raul & Antonella Biscione, 2022. "Militarization and Income Inequality in European Countries (2000–2017)," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 28(3), pages 267-285, September.
    5. Caruso Raul & Antonella Biscione, 2022. "Militarization and Income Inequality in European Countries (2000–2017)," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 28(3), pages 267-285, September.
    6. Todd Sandler & Justin George, 2016. "Military Expenditure Trends for 1960–2014 and What They Reveal," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 7(2), pages 174-184, May.
    7. Justin George & Todd Sandler, 2021. "EU Demand for Defense, 1990–2019: A Strategic Spatial Approach," Games, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-18, February.
    8. İbrahim Sezer Belliler, 2023. "Convergence of Military Expenditures in MENA Countries: Evidences from a Fourier Panel Unit Root Test with Multiple Breaks," EKOIST Journal of Econometrics and Statistics, Istanbul University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 0(39), pages 183-199, December.
    9. Christos Kollias & Suzanna-Maria Paleologou, 2019. "Military spending, economic growth and investment: a disaggregated analysis by income group," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 56(3), pages 935-958, March.
    10. Saba Charles Shaaba, 2021. "Convergence or Divergence Patterns in Global Defence Spending: Further Evidence from a Nonlinear Single Factor Model," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 27(1), pages 51-90, February.
    11. Saba Charles Shaaba & Ngepah Nicholas, 2020. "Military expenditure and security outcome convergence in African regional economic communities: evidence from the convergence club algorithm," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 26(1), pages 1-28, February.
    12. Julien Malizard, 2016. "Military expenditure and economic growth in the European Union: Evidence from SIPRI’s extended dataset," Economics of Peace and Security Journal, EPS Publishing, vol. 11(2), pages 38-44, October.
    13. Mr. Benedict J. Clements & Mr. Sanjeev Gupta & Saida Khamidova, 2019. "Is Military Spending Converging Across Countries? An Examination of Trends and Key Determinants," IMF Working Papers 2019/196, International Monetary Fund.
    14. Clements, Benedict J. & Gupta, Sanjeev & Khamidova, Saida, 2021. "Is military spending converging to a low level across countries?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 433-441.
    15. Ucler, Gulbahar & Bulut, Umit, 2021. "Re-examination of the Convergence in Military Expenditures across NATO Countries: Do Different Approximations in Modelling Structural Breaks Matter?," Asian Journal of Applied Economics, Kasetsart University, Center for Applied Economics Research, vol. 28(1).
    16. Arvanitidis Paschalis & Kollias Christos, 2016. "Converging Defence Burdens? Some Further Findings," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 22(4), pages 365-375, December.
    17. Sedat Alataş & Erkam Sarı, 2021. "An Empirical Investigation on Regional Disparities in Public Expenditures: Province Level Evidence from Turkey," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 158(1), pages 217-240, November.
    18. Arvanitidis Paschalis & Kollias Christos, 2016. "Zipf’s Law and World Military Expenditures," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 22(1), pages 41-71, January.

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