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Does Capital Account Liberalization Discipline Budget Deficit?

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  • Woochan Kim

Abstract

The paper investigates whether free capital mobility leads a government to tighten its budget deficit for fear of being penalized from the international capital market. The author tests the hypothesis using three‐stage least squares (3SLS), which can control for the endogenous nature of capital account liberalization. Even the conservative measure shows that, if capital account liberalization were exogenously imposed, ceteris paribus, government budget deficit would be reduced by 2.275% of GDP. Furthermore, 3SLS results show that this disciplinary effect is stronger for countries under a fixed exchange rate regime or for countries with weak central bank independence. The disciplinary effect is also found to be stronger in more recent periods—the 1990s—during which capital market integration has been most prevalent.

Suggested Citation

  • Woochan Kim, 2003. "Does Capital Account Liberalization Discipline Budget Deficit?," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(5), pages 830-844, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:reviec:v:11:y:2003:i:5:p:830-844
    DOI: 10.1046/j.1467-9396.2003.00420.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alberto Alesina & Roberto Perotti, 1995. "The Political Economy of Budget Deficits," IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 42(1), pages 1-31, March.
    2. Mr. Owen Evens & Peter J. Quirk, 1995. "Capital Account Convertibility: Review of Experience and Implications for IMF Policies," IMF Occasional Papers 1995/013, International Monetary Fund.
    3. Mr. Donald J Mathieson & Ms. Liliana Rojas-Suárez, 1992. "Liberalization of the Capital Account: Experiences and Issues," IMF Working Papers 1992/046, International Monetary Fund.
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    3. Zhang, Chenying, 2010. "Sterilization in China: Effectiveness and Cost," Working Papers 10-29, University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School, Weiss Center.
    4. Botta, Alberto & Porcile, Gabriel & Spinola, Danilo & Yajima, Giuliano Toshiro, 2023. "Financial integration, productive development and fiscal policy space in developing countries," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 175-188.
    5. Winston Moore, 2014. "Managing The Process Of Removing Capital Controls: What Does The Literature Suggest?," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(2), pages 209-237, April.
    6. Shang-Jin Wei & Ms. Irina Tytell, 2004. "Does Financial Globalization Induce Better Macroeconomic Policies?," IMF Working Papers 2004/084, International Monetary Fund.
    7. Mirdala, Rajmund & Svrčeková, Aneta & Semančíková, Jozefína, 2015. "On the Relationship between Financial Integration, Financial Liberalization and Macroeconomic Volatility," MPRA Paper 66143, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Kohler, Karsten & Guschanski, Alexander & Stockhammer, Engelbert, 2018. "Verteilungseffekte von Finanzialisierung," Greenwich Papers in Political Economy 23471, University of Greenwich, Greenwich Political Economy Research Centre.
    9. Luca Agnello & Ricardo M. Sousa, 2013. "Political, Institutional, and Economic Factors Underlying Deficit Volatility," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 21(4), pages 719-732, September.
    10. William MILES, 2011. "Financial Globalization And Inflation In Developing Countries: A Reappraisal," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 11(1).
    11. Gábor, Tamás & Kiss, Gábor Dávid & Kovács, Péter, 2012. "A monetáris sterilizáció hatékonysága és költségei Kínában [The efficiency and costs of monetary sterilization in China]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(2), pages 164-188.
    12. Ila Patnaik & Abhijit Sen Gupta & Ajay Shah, 2012. "Determinants of Trade Misinvoicing," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 23(5), pages 891-910, November.
    13. Davide Furceri & Aleksandra Zdzienicka, 2012. "Financial Integration and Fiscal Policy," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 23(5), pages 805-822, November.
    14. Lekshmi Nair, 2012. "Policy Disciplining Effect of Capital Account Openness in India," Transition Studies Review, Springer;Central Eastern European University Network (CEEUN), vol. 19(1), pages 43-57, September.
    15. Richard N. Cooper, 1999. "Exchange rate choices," Conference Series ; [Proceedings], Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, vol. 43(Jun), pages 99-136.
    16. Davide Furceri & Prakash Loungani & Jonathan Ostry & Pietro Pizzuto, 2020. "Financial Globalization, Fiscal Policies and the Distribution of Income," Comparative Economic Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Association for Comparative Economic Studies, vol. 62(2), pages 185-199, June.
    17. Apeti, Ablam Estel & Bambe, Bao-We-Wal & Combes, Jean-Louis & Edoh, Eyah Denise, 2024. "Original sin: Fiscal rules and government debt in foreign currency in developing countries," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    18. Chowdhury, Mohammad Tarequl Hasan & Bhattacharya, Prasad Sankar & Mallick, Debdulal & Ulubaşoğlu, Mehmet Ali, 2016. "Exchange rate regimes and fiscal discipline: The role of trade openness," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 106-128.
    19. Sen Gupta, Abhijit, 2010. "Management of International Capital Flows: The Indian Experience," MPRA Paper 23747, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    20. Gábor, Tamás, 2012. "China's monetary sterilization and it's economical relationship with the European Union," MPRA Paper 40362, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    21. Muhammad Zahir Faridi & Rashid Ahmad & Altaf Hussain & Ahmad Usama, 2022. "Budget Deficit: A Dilemma of Pakistan’s Economy," iRASD Journal of Economics, International Research Alliance for Sustainable Development (iRASD), vol. 4(1), pages 117-126, March.
    22. Daxin Dong, 2021. "The impact of financial openness on public debt in developing countries," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 60(5), pages 2261-2291, May.
    23. Abhijit Sen Gupta, 2010. "Robust monetary policies in small open economies," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 62(2), pages 350-373, April.

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