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Enabling Women Entrepreneurs: Exploring Factors That Mitigate the Negative Impact of Fertility Rates on Female Entrepreneurship

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  • Nabamita Dutta
  • Sushanta Mallick

Abstract

In the wake of the global financial crisis that resulted in many business closures and given the long‐term problem of population aging in advanced countries and poverty in low‐income countries, it has become important to investigate whether new business formation by women entrepreneurs is a path to prosperity even when countries experience low fertility rates. Existing country studies suggest that female entrepreneurship can have favorable development outcomes through the channels of employment, innovation and welfare, but this paper undertakes a holistic cross‐country analysis on the determinants of female entrepreneurship, exploring the role of fertility rates in affecting female entrepreneurial outcomes. We find that the impact of fertility rate is negative and significant in influencing entrepreneurship. But factors like greater tertiary enrollment of females and higher ratios of female to male labor force participation rates can offset the negative impact of fertility rate and in fact can make the impact positive. Additionally, greater access to informal finance makes female enrollment more effective in mitigating the negative impact of fertility rate.

Suggested Citation

  • Nabamita Dutta & Sushanta Mallick, 2018. "Enabling Women Entrepreneurs: Exploring Factors That Mitigate the Negative Impact of Fertility Rates on Female Entrepreneurship," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 71(3), pages 402-432, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:kyklos:v:71:y:2018:i:3:p:402-432
    DOI: 10.1111/kykl.12175
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    Cited by:

    1. Saha, Shrabani & Beladi, Hamid & Kar, Saibal, 2021. "Corruption control, shadow economy and income inequality: Evidence from Asia," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 45(2).
    2. Zuzana Brixiová & Thierry Kangoye, 2019. "Networks, start-up capital and women's entrepreneurial performance in Africa: Evidence from Eswatini," SALDRU Working Papers 257, Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit, University of Cape Town.
    3. Dutta, Nabamita & Sobel, Russell S., 2018. "Entrepreneurship and human capital: The role of financial development," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 319-332.
    4. Aslim, Erkmen Giray & Panovska, Irina & Taş, M. Anıl, 2021. "Macroeconomic effects of maternity leave legislation in emerging economies," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    5. San Vicente Portes Luis & Atal Vidya & Juárez-Torres Miriam, 2019. "Women's Empowerment: Aggregate Effects on Savings and Wealth," Working Papers 2019-21, Banco de México.
    6. Masoud Karami & Yousef Mohammad Karimi & Mohsen Akbari & Juergen Gnoth, 2024. "Rural women entrepreneurship: when femininity compensates for institutional hurdles," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 23(5), pages 738-766, November.
    7. Mohammad Amin & Asif M. Islam, 2023. "Export intensity and its effect on women's employment," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 76(4), pages 676-704, November.
    8. Brixiová, Zuzana & Kangoye, Thierry & Said, Mona, 2020. "Training, human capital, and gender gaps in entrepreneurial performance," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 367-380.
    9. Spataro, Luca & Fanti, Luciano & Pacini, Pier Mario, 2019. "Saving, fertility and public policy in an overlapping generations small open economy," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 16-29.
    10. Georgios Mavropoulos & Theodore Panagiotidis, 2020. "Why Young Adults Retreat from Marriage? An Easterlin Relative Income Approach," Discussion Paper Series 2020_01, Department of Economics, University of Macedonia, revised Jan 2020.
    11. Peng, Congmin & She, Po-Wen, 2020. "Are women less likely to be managers in the UK labour market?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 317-324.
    12. Ng, Wung Lik & Wang, Yin-Chi, 2020. "Waiting as a signal: Why women are delaying fertility?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 471-479.
    13. Yang, Xiuyun & Li, Min & Liang, Shanshan, 2024. "How consumers’ digital engagement affects regional innovation capacity in China?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    14. Aleksandra Gawel & Agnieszka Głodowska, 2021. "On the Relationship between Economic Dynamics and Female Entrepreneurship: Reflections for the Visegrad Countries," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-18, August.
    15. Serio Monserrat, 2021. "Mujeres emprendedoras en América Latina: Una mirada sobre la influencia del nivel educativo en la probabilidad de emprender," Asociación Argentina de Economía Política: Working Papers 4522, Asociación Argentina de Economía Política.
    16. Tha�s Garc�a-Pereiro & Ivano Dileo, 2019. "Female national-level entrepreneurship and the gendered dimension of the cultural environment," RIEDS - Rivista Italiana di Economia, Demografia e Statistica - The Italian Journal of Economic, Demographic and Statistical Studies, SIEDS Societa' Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica, vol. 73(3), pages 77-88, July-Sept.
    17. Dutta, Nabamita & Jana, Dipparna & Kar, Saibal, 2020. "Does state-level per capita income affect juvenile delinquency? An empirical analysis for Indian states," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 109-120.

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