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The impact of COVID‐19 on price transmission and price volatility in the Canadian beef supply chain

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  • Yanan Zheng
  • Henry An
  • Meng Yang
  • Feng Qiu

Abstract

The COVID‐19 pandemic resulted in disruptions to the Canadian meat and livestock markets. While prices initially decreased, the shutdowns of beef packing plants led to a large reduction in the supply of beef and a corresponding increase in the wholesale price with ramifications along the entire supply chain. This study examines the effect of COVID‐19 on price transmission and price volatility in the Canadian beef supply chain using monthly farmgate, wholesale, and retail price data covering the period from July 2005 to February 2022. We find evidence indicating that COVID‐19 affected long‐run price transmission from farmgate and wholesale markets to the retail market. Specifically, we find that the pandemic resulted in a 94.42 and 81.48% decrease in price transmission from the farmgate and wholesale market, respectively, to the retail market, indicating that higher prices at the wholesale level were not being passed on to consumers to the same extent. In the short run, we find asymmetric price adjustments and both direct and indirect volatility spillovers among the three levels of markets, implying strong market interactions across the beef supply chain. Overall, our results suggest the resiliency of the Canadian beef sector to COVID‐19 shocks. La pandémie de COVID‐19 a entraîné des perturbations sur les marchés canadiens de la viande et du bétail. Alors que les prix ont initialement baissé, les fermetures des usines de conditionnement de viande bovine ont entraîné une forte réduction de l'offre de viande bovine et une augmentation correspondante du prix de gros avec des répercussions tout au long de la chaîne d'approvisionnement. Cette étude examine l'effet de la COVID‐19 sur la transmission et la volatilité des prix dans la chaîne d'approvisionnement du bœuf canadien à l'aide de données mensuelles sur les prix à la ferme, de gros et de détail couvrant la période de juillet 2005 à février 2022. Nous trouvons des preuves indiquant que la COVID‐19 a affecté la transmission des prix à long terme des marchés à la ferme et des marchés de gros vers le marché de détail. Plus précisément, nous constatons que la pandémie a entraîné une diminution de 94,42 % et de 81,48 % de la transmission des prix du marché à la ferme et du marché de gros, respectivement, vers le marché de détail, ce qui indique que les prix plus élevés au niveau de gros n'ont pas été répercutés sur les consommateurs dans la même mesure. À court terme, nous constatons des ajustements de prix asymétriques et des retombées de volatilité directes et indirectes entre les trois niveaux de marchés, ce qui implique de fortes interactions de marché tout au long de la chaîne d'approvisionnement de la viande bovine. Dans l'ensemble, nos résultats suggèrent la résilience du secteur canadien du bœuf aux chocs de la COVID‐19.

Suggested Citation

  • Yanan Zheng & Henry An & Meng Yang & Feng Qiu, 2024. "The impact of COVID‐19 on price transmission and price volatility in the Canadian beef supply chain," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 72(3), pages 389-406, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:canjag:v:72:y:2024:i:3:p:389-406
    DOI: 10.1111/cjag.12347
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