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Aspectos financieros y fiscales del sistema de salud en Colombia

Author

Listed:
  • Ligia Alba Melo-Becerra
  • Luis E. Arango
  • Oscar Iván Ávila-Montealegre
  • Jhorland Ayala-García
  • Leonardo Bonilla-Mejía
  • Jesús Alonso Botero-García
  • Carolina Crispin-Fory
  • Manuela Cardona
  • Daniela Gallo
  • Clark Granger
  • Karelys Guzmán-Finol
  • Ana María Iregui-Bohórquez
  • Juan J. Ospina-Tejeiro
  • Diana Estefanía Pinilla-Alarcón
  • Christian Posso
  • María Teresa Ramírez-Giraldo
  • Jorge Enrique Ramos-Forero
  • Mario A. Ramos-Veloza
  • Diego Alexander Restrepo-Tobón
  • Jairo Humberto Restrepo-Zea
  • Giselle Tatiana Silva-Samudio
  • Diego Vásquez-Escobar

Abstract

El artículo realiza una descripción de los aspectos institucionales, mecanismos y fuentes de financiación del sistema de salud en Colombia. Utilizando modelos de equilibrio general, el estudio evalúa los efectos de diversos riesgos que enfrenta el sistema de salud, en las finanzas del sector, el déficit fiscal y algunas variables macroeconómicas. Estos riesgos incluyen el impacto del cambio demográfico, caracterizado por el envejecimiento de la población, los cambios en los patrones de morbilidad, especialmente relacionados con el aumento de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y la adopción de nuevas tecnologías médicas. Además, explora el impacto de la informalidad y del crecimiento económico, en la necesidad de recursos fiscales para el sector. El estudio encuentra que el país podría experimentar un incremento significativo en el gasto público necesario para financiar el sistema de salud, equivalente a 1,9% del PIB para el año 2030. El articulo también presenta estimaciones de medidas de eficiencia y de economías de escala para las empresas promotoras de salud y de las Instituciones Prestadoras de Servicios de Salud, resaltando la importancia de la eficiencia en el uso de los recursos del sistema para mitigar las presiones sobre el gasto público. **** ABSTRACT: The article provides an overview of institutional aspects, mechanisms, and funding sources in the Colombia's healthcare system. Through the use of general equilibrium models, the study assesses the impacts of various risks faced by the healthcare system, considering their effects on sector finances, fiscal deficit, and macroeconomic variables. These risks encompass the implications of demographic changes, characterized by population aging, shifts in morbidity patterns—especially linked to the rise of non-communicable diseases—and the adoption of new medical technologies. Additionally, the study explores the effects of informality and economic growth on the fiscal resource needs within the sector. It concludes that the country could undergo a significant increase in necessary public spending to finance the healthcare system in Colombia, amounting to 1.9% of GDP by 2030. The article also presents estimates of efficiency measures and economies of scale for healthcare promotion companies and Institutions Providing Health Services, underscoring the significance of resource efficiency within the system to alleviate pressures on public spending.

Suggested Citation

  • Ligia Alba Melo-Becerra & Luis E. Arango & Oscar Iván Ávila-Montealegre & Jhorland Ayala-García & Leonardo Bonilla-Mejía & Jesús Alonso Botero-García & Carolina Crispin-Fory & Manuela Cardona & Daniel, 2023. "Aspectos financieros y fiscales del sistema de salud en Colombia," Revista ESPE - Ensayos sobre Política Económica, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, issue 106, pages 1-92, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:ensayo:y:2023:i:106:p:1-92
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    File URL: https://repositorio.banrep.gov.co/bitstream/handle/20.500.12134/10699/Espe106.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Espinosa, Oscar & Friebel, Rocco & Bejarano, Valeria & Arias, Martha Liliana & Husereau, Don & Smith, Adrian, 2024. "Study on the concentration, distribution, and persistence of health spending for the contributory scheme in Colombia," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 125891, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    2. Karelys Guzmán-Finol & Jhorland Ayala-García, 2024. "Cartera hospitalaria y diferencias regionales en la prestación de los servicios de salud en Colombia," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 328, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Sistema de salud; financiamiento salud; déficit fiscal; enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles; medidas de eficiencia; disparidades regionales en salud; esquemas de financiamiento; Colombia; Healthcare system; health financing; fiscal deficit; non-communicable chronic diseases; efficiency measures; regional health disparities; financing schemes; Colombia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H51 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Health
    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity

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