IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bcp/journl/v8y2024i8p3299-3307.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) among Married Individuals at Presbyterian Church of East Africa (P.C.E.A), Nairobi North Presbytery, Kenya

Author

Listed:
  • Purity Kendi

    (Doctoral Candidate, United State International University-Africa)

  • Stella Nyagwencha

    (Assistant Professor in Clinical Psychology, United State International University-Africa.)

  • Naomi Nyarigoti

    (Assistant Professor of English Language & Linguistics, United State International University-Africa.)

Abstract

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) involve a wide range of childhood traumatic events such as emotional, sexual and physical abuses. The detrimental effects of ACEs on adulthood have received increasing attention recently, which has been found to be significantly associated with increased risks of mental disorders and quality of relationship. Therefore, this present study aims at estimating the proportion of ACEs among the married individuals attending the Presbyterian church of East Africa (P.C.E.A), known as the Nairobi North Presbytery. This study utilized a cross-sectional research design, using a quantitative research approach to collect data from 288 married individuals sampled from 14,400 married couples across 17 parishes using Cochran (1963) formula. The total of 288 married individuals’ both male (N=150, 52.1%) and female (N= 138, 47.9%) with age ranges from 20 years to 75 years old with the mean age 45.9 ± (SD: 12.235) were sampled and screened to participate in the study. The ACE International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) is a 43-item scale which was developed according to model of ACEs by World Health Organization (2009) was used to assess childhood experiences of the participants. Results from the study showed the general prevalence of ACEs, that is the proportion of the respondents who experienced at least four or more childhood experiences at 90.6%. Also, the frequency of multiple exposure to ACEs was higher among the respondents aged 41-65 years at 54.9%, among the male respondents at 47.9%, and among the married individuals at 73.3%. Also, this study found the top three highest proportion of childhood traumatic experiences among the participants, which are community violence (91%), emotional neglect (83%), and violence against household members (79.9%). This study therefore recommended that churches in Kenya particular, and worldwide in general may consider engaging the services of clinical psychologists to help in screening married individuals for ACEs and to ensure access to mental health services for children and families, including early intervention and trauma-informed care.

Suggested Citation

  • Purity Kendi & Stella Nyagwencha & Naomi Nyarigoti, 2024. "Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) among Married Individuals at Presbyterian Church of East Africa (P.C.E.A), Nairobi North Presbytery, Kenya," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 8(8), pages 3299-3307, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:bcp:journl:v:8:y:2024:i:8:p:3299-3307
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-8-issue-8/3299-3307.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/articles/prevalence-of-adverse-childhood-experiences-aces-among-married-individuals-at-presbyterian-church-of-east-africa-p-c-e-a-nairobi-north-presbytery-kenya/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Metzler, Marilyn & Merrick, Melissa T. & Klevens, Joanne & Ports, Katie A. & Ford, Derek C., 2017. "Adverse childhood experiences and life opportunities: Shifting the narrative," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 141-149.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Stargel, Lauren E. & Easterbrooks, M. Ann, 2020. "Diversity of adverse childhood experiences among adolescent mothers and the intergenerational transmission of risk to children's behavior problems," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    2. Kim, Youngmi & Lee, Haenim & Park, Aely, 2020. "Adverse childhood experiences, economic hardship, and obesity: Differences by gender," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    3. Cheng, Zhiming & Guo, Liwen & Smyth, Russell & Tani, Massimiliano, 2022. "Childhood adversity and energy poverty," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    4. Trinidad, Jose Eos, 2021. "Social consequences and contexts of adverse childhood experiences," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    5. Aely Park & Youngmi Kim & Jennifer Murphy, 2023. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Substance Use Among Korean College Students: Different by Gender?," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 16(4), pages 1811-1825, August.
    6. Hidalgo, Victoria & Jiménez, Lucía & Grimaldi, Víctor & Ayala-Nunes, Lara & López-Verdugo, Isabel, 2018. "The effectiveness of a child day-care program in child welfare services," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 145-151.
    7. O'Leary, Donna & Christie, Alistair & Perry, Ivan J. & Khashan, Ali S, 2024. "Determinants of receiving child protection and welfare services following initial assessment: A cross-sectional study from the Republic of Ireland," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    8. Schurer, Stefanie & Trajkovski, Kristian & Hariharan, Tara, 2019. "Understanding the mechanisms through which adverse childhood experiences affect lifetime economic outcomes," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    9. Li, Chunkai & Zhang, Xinwen & Ding, Ning & Xie, Kexin, 2024. "The examination of the heterogeneous psychological impact of adverse childhood experiences on Chinese children with and without left-behind status," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    10. Hickey, Grainne & McGilloway, Sinead & Leckey, Yvonne & Leavy, Shane & Stokes, Ann & O'Connor, Siobhan & Donnelly, Michael & Bywater, Tracey, 2020. "Exploring the potential utility and impact of a universal, multi-component early parenting intervention through a community-based, controlled trial," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    11. Kaija R. Stern & Zaneta M. Thayer, 2019. "Adversity in childhood and young adulthood predicts young adult depression," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 64(7), pages 1069-1074, September.
    12. Rostad, Whitney L. & Ports, Katie A. & Tang, Shichao, 2019. "Mothers' homeownership and children's economic success 20 years later among a sample of US citizens," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 355-359.
    13. Webb, Calum & Bywaters, Paul & Scourfield, Jonathan & McCartan, Claire & Bunting, Lisa & Davidson, Gavin & Morris, Kate, 2020. "Untangling child welfare inequalities and the ‘Inverse Intervention Law’ in England," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    14. Agar Brugiavini & Raluca Elena Buia & Matija Kovacic & Cristina Elisa Orso, 2020. "Adverse childhood experiences and risk behaviours later in life: Evidence from SHARE countries," Working Papers 2020:08, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari".
    15. Ports, Katie A. & Rostad, Whitney L. & Luo, Feijun & Putnam, Michelle & Zurick, Elizabeth, 2018. "The impact of the low-income housing tax credit on children's health and wellbeing in Georgia," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 390-396.
    16. Maia-Silva, Keyla Medeiros & Zamel, Noe & Selby, Peter & Fontes, Cor Jesus Fernandes & Santos, Ubiratan Paula, 2021. "Tobacco smoking associated with adverse childhood experiences in a Brazilian community university sample: A case-control study," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    17. Yu, Wei & Stephan, Ute & Bao, Jia, 2023. "Childhood adversities: Mixed blessings for entrepreneurial entry," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 38(2).
    18. Bondoc, Christopher & Meza, Jocelyn I. & Bonilla Ospina, Andrea & Bosco, John & Mei, Edward & Barnert, Elizabeth S., 2021. "“Overlapping and intersecting challenges”: Parent and provider perspectives on youth adversity during community reentry after incarceration," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
    19. Testa, Alexander & Jackson, Dylan B. & Vaughn, Michael G. & Ganson, Kyle T. & Nagata, Jason M., 2022. "Adverse Childhood Experiences, health insurance status, and health care utilization in middle adulthood," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 314(C).
    20. SmithBattle, Lee, 2018. "The past is prologue? The long arc of childhood trauma in a multigenerational study of teen mothering," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 1-9.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bcp:journl:v:8:y:2024:i:8:p:3299-3307. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Dr. Pawan Verma (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.