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Agua y Globalizacion: Retos y oportunidades para una mejor gestion de los recursos hidricos

Author

Listed:
  • Aldaya, M.
  • Niemeyer, I.
  • Zarate, E.

Abstract

En un contexto de creciente globalizacion del comercio, el articulo analiza los retos y oportunidades para alcanzar una mejor gestion de los recursos hidricos a nivel global; y la utilidad del indicador de la huella hidrica y el comercio de agua virtual para tal fin. El caso de America Latina destaca la necesidad de utilizar un enfoque integrado para la gestion del agua, considerando indicadores complementarios y posibles comoensaciones entre recursos. Es necesario encontrar una manera de utilizar el agua en el mundo de manera mas productiva y eficiente y ponerla a disposicion de todos a un costo razonable, dejando cantidades suficientes para mantener el medio ambiente. La creciente globalizacion del comercio presenta oportunidades para mejroar la productividad y eficiencia global en el uso del agua si los paises aprovechan sus ventajas comparativas. Sin embargo, para evitar las externalidades negativas en la zona de produccion es necesario establecer politicas nacionales y marcos institucionales adecuados, incluyendo una politica sobre estructuras de fijacion de precios de agua, la contabilidad columetrica y economica de los recursos hidricos (incluyendo indicadores como huella hidrica) y una etiqueta para informar a los consumidores en lugares remotos. In a context of increasing globalization of trade, the article analyzes the challenges and opportunities to achieve better management of water resources globally, and the usefulness of the water footprint and virtual water trade indicators for this purpose. The case of Latin America highlights the need for an integrated approach to water management, considering complementary indicators and possible trade-offs between resources. We must find a way to use the water in the world more productive and efficient, and make it available to all at a reasonable cost, leaving sufficient quantities to maintain the environment. The increasing globalization of trade presents opportunities to improve productivity and overall efficiency in water use if countries use their comparative advantages. However, to avoid negative externalities in the production area it is necessary to establish appropriate national policies and institutional frameworks, including a policy on water pricing, volumetric and economic accounting of water resources (including indicators such as water footprint) and a label to inform consumers in remote locations.

Suggested Citation

  • Aldaya, M. & Niemeyer, I. & Zarate, E., 2011. "Agua y Globalizacion: Retos y oportunidades para una mejor gestion de los recursos hidricos," Revista Espanola de Estudios Agrosociales y Pesqueros, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Rural y Marino (formerly Ministry of Agriculture), issue 230, pages 1-23.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:spreea:186934
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.186934
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Aldaya, M.M. & Allan, J.A. & Hoekstra, A.Y., 2010. "Strategic importance of green water in international crop trade," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(4), pages 887-894, February.
    2. Yang, Hong & Zhou, Yuan & Liu, Junguo, 2009. "Land and water requirements of biofuel and implications for food supply and the environment in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(5), pages 1876-1885, May.
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