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Effects Of Increasing Panama Canal Toll Rates On U.S. Grain Exports

Author

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  • Fuller, Stephen W.
  • Makus, Larry D.
  • Gallimore, William

Abstract

Some believe Panama Canal toll rates will increase dramatically as Panama's sovereignty over the Canal becomes complete at the end of this century. This paper focuses on the ability of Panama Canal management to extract additional toll revenues from United States grain traversing the Canal and the impact of increased toll rates on export grain flows. Analyses show toll rates established by a revenue-maximizing Canal management would exceed historical and current rates. A monopolizing Canal operator would have moderately increased Pacific port exports in the mid-1970's; whereas, in the 1979-82 period, Pacific port flows would have exceeded historical levels.

Suggested Citation

  • Fuller, Stephen W. & Makus, Larry D. & Gallimore, William, 1984. "Effects Of Increasing Panama Canal Toll Rates On U.S. Grain Exports," Southern Journal of Agricultural Economics, Southern Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 16(2), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:sojoae:29733
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.29733
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Harris, J. Michael, 1983. "Ocean Fleet Shipping Rates, Capacity, And Utilization For Grains," Staff Reports 276784, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    2. Hauser, Robert J., 1982. "Projected 1985 impacts of alternative inland waterway user fees on corn, soybean, and wheat transport," ISU General Staff Papers 198201010800009348, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
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    Cited by:

    1. Javier Ho & Paul Bernal, 2021. "Estimating a global demand model for soybean traffic through the Panama Canal," Journal of Shipping and Trade, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 1-23, December.

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    International Relations/Trade;

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