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20 years of transition in the agri-food sector

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  • Buchenrieder, Gertrud
  • Hanf, Jon Henrich
  • Pieniadz, Agata

Abstract

Prior to 1989 the world could be divided "economically" into three clusters: (1) The Eastern Bloc with its socialist, planned economies, (2) the Western Bloc with its more market-oriented systems, and (3) the developing and emerging countries. Then, at approximately the same time, some major political events took place which contributed to the collapse of the Eastern Block, for example the 1985 elections of the Soviet Parliament, which have been linked to the terms 'Perestroika', 'Glasnost', and 'Demokratisaziya'; the East German refugee camp in the German Embassy in Prague in September 1989; and last but not least the fall of the Berlin Wall. Thus came the beginning of the transition process from planned towards market economies in the former states of the Soviet Union (FSU) and Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). The challenges of transition were formidable. Private and public market-oriented institutions were absent and historical trading paths were interrupted. Many state-owned enterprises collapsed, the private sector was underdeveloped and the market organisations, as well as the producers and processors involved in the agri-food markets, did not know the rules of the "market" game. These issues led to deep and lasting economic distortions. Twenty years into the transformation of the agri-food sector in the approximately 30 countries that made up the former Eastern Bloc, it is time to recall the inherent changes that have occurred. Our introduction , but particularly the other contributions in this special issue on "20 years of transition in the agri-food sector - analyses of markets and policies" of the Agrarwirtschaft (vol. 58 with numbers 7 and 8), all serve as a platform to review the situation in the agri-food sector in light of the relatively heterogeneous country settings with regard to initial markets, policy and other institutions, as well as the subsequent driving forces of the transition process. 1. The 'communist' past a
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Suggested Citation

  • Buchenrieder, Gertrud & Hanf, Jon Henrich & Pieniadz, Agata, 2009. "20 years of transition in the agri-food sector," German Journal of Agricultural Economics, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Department for Agricultural Economics, vol. 58(07), pages 1-9, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:gjagec:134881
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.134881
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    1. Fritzsch, Jana & Möllers, Judith & Buchenrieder, Gertrud, 2011. "Employment diversification of farm households and structural change in the rural economy of the New Member States," IAMO Discussion Papers 134, Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO).
    2. Jon H. Hanf & Silva Atoyan & Linda Bitsch & Taras Gagalyuk, 2019. "Supply chain networks in the Armenian agribusiness: Setting a benchmark," Economia agro-alimentare, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 21(2), pages 359-378.
    3. Niskanen, Olli & Iho, Antti & Kalliovirta, Leena, 2020. "Scenario for structural development of livestock production in the Baltic littoral countries," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    4. Traikova, Diana, 2013. "Determinants of non-farm entrepreneurial intentions in a transitional context: Evidence from rural Bulgaria," Studies on the Agricultural and Food Sector in Transition Economies, Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), volume 72, number 72.
    5. World Bank, 2011. "Romania : Considering Options for Extending Social Protection Coverage to Elderly Farmers," World Bank Publications - Reports 12583, The World Bank Group.
    6. Jaworski, Jacek & Czerwonka, Leszek & Mądra-Sawicka, Magdalena, 2019. "Determinants of Capital Structure: Evidence from Polish Food Manufacturing Industry," German Journal of Agricultural Economics, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Department for Agricultural Economics, vol. 68(01), March.
    7. Mizik, T. & Torok, A. & Jambor, A. & Kovacs, S. & Sipos, L., 2018. "The agricultural competitiveness of the CIS countries in international trade," 2018 Conference, July 28-August 2, 2018, Vancouver, British Columbia 277481, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    8. Peter ADAMISIN & Rastislav KOTULIC & Ivana KRAVCAKOVA VOZAROVA, 2017. "Legal form of agricultural entities as a factor in ensuring the sustainability of the economic performance of agriculture," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 63(2), pages 80-92.
    9. repec:zbw:iamodp:109518 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Möllers, Judith & Buchenrieder, Gertrud, 2011. "Effects of Rural Non-farm Employment on Household Welfare and Income Distribution of Small Farms in Croatia," Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture, Humboldt-Universitaat zu Berlin, vol. 50(3), pages 1-19.
    11. Wolz, Axel & Fritzsch, Jana & Shterev, Nikolai & Buchenrieder, Gertrud & Paloma, Sergio Gomez y, 2010. "Semi-Subsistence Farming, Farm Income and Social Capital in Bulgaria – Is there a Link?," Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture, Humboldt-Universitaat zu Berlin, vol. 49(4), pages 1-14.
    12. Tamás Mizik & Péter Gál & Áron Török, 2020. "Does Agricultural Trade Competitiveness Matter? The Case of the CIS Countries," AGRIS on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Economics and Management, vol. 12(01), March.
    13. Klomp, Jeroen, 2014. "The political economy of agricultural liberalization in Central and Eastern Europe: An empirical analysis," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(P1), pages 332-346.

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