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Criteria to monitor the poverty alleviation, empowerment and institutional performance of equity-share schemes in South African agriculture

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  • Gray, B.C.
  • Lyne, Michael C.
  • Ferrer, Stuart R.D.

Abstract

This paper extends a previous study in South Africa aimed at developing methodology for assessing the performance of equity-share schemes. The previous study proposed four broad criteria to measure performance: poverty alleviation; empowerment and participation; institutional arrangements and governance; and financial performance. This paper does not aim to assess the performance of existing equity-share schemes but to develop a methodology for the first three criteria based on empirical analysis of data gathered in 2004 from a land reform project in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal and seven established equity-share schemes in the Western Cape. Poverty alleviation is measured using a transition matrix of households grouped by four different symptoms of poverty: current income, wealth, health and a principal component index of housing quality. Eight categories of indicators are recommended for empowerment and participation: control and ownership; skills transfer; understanding; information; outcomes; trust; outreach; and participation. A scorecard applying norms based on empirical evidence gathered at the equity-share schemes in the Western Cape is used to test the indicators. A scorecard approach is also applied to institutional arrangements and governance, which are measured using three categories of indicators: accountability, transparency and property rights. The proposed performance measures are relevant, manageable in number and have feasible norms based on empirical evidence. These indicators and their norms need to be tested on a wider scale and monitored over time. Future research should be undertaken to determine weights for the empowerment and institutional indicators.

Suggested Citation

  • Gray, B.C. & Lyne, Michael C. & Ferrer, Stuart R.D., 2005. "Criteria to monitor the poverty alleviation, empowerment and institutional performance of equity-share schemes in South African agriculture," Agrekon, Agricultural Economics Association of South Africa (AEASA), vol. 44(4), pages 1-31, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:agreko:31701
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.31701
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Johann Kirsten & Julian May & Sheryl Hendriks & Charles L. Machethe & Cecelia Punt & Mike Lyne, 2007. "South Africa," Chapters, in: Fabrizio Bresciani & Alberto Valdés (ed.), Beyond Food Production, chapter 8, Edward Elgar Publishing.
      • Liebenberg, Frikkie & Beintema, Nienke M. & Kirsten, Johann F., 2004. "South Africa," ASTI country briefs 14, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    2. Knight, S & Lyne, M & Roth, M, 2003. "Best Institutional Arrangements For Farm-Worker Equity-Share Schemes In South Africa," Agrekon, Agricultural Economics Association of South Africa (AEASA), vol. 42(3).
    3. Gray, B.C. & Lyne, Michael C. & Ferrer, Stuart R.D., 2004. "Measuring the performance of equity-share schemes in South African agriculture: A focus on financial criteria," Agrekon, Agricultural Economics Association of South Africa (AEASA), vol. 43(4), pages 1-19, December.
    4. Christopher B. Barrett, 2005. "Rural poverty dynamics: development policy implications," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 32(s1), pages 45-60, January.
    5. Knight, SL & Lyne, MC, 2002. "Perceptions Of Farm Worker Equity-Share Schemes In South Africa," Agrekon, Agricultural Economics Association of South Africa (AEASA), vol. 41(4).
    6. Reid, J. Norman, 1999. "Community Empowerment A New Approach for Rural Development," Rural America/ Rural Development Perspectives, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, vol. 14(1), June.
    7. Deepa Narayan, 2002. "Empowerment and Poverty Reduction : A Sourcebook," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 15239.
    8. Ingrid Woolard & Murray Leibbrandt, 1999. "Measuring Poverty in South Africa," Working Papers 99033, University of Cape Town, Development Policy Research Unit.
    9. Shinns, L.H. & Lyne, Michael C., 2004. "Symptoms of poverty within a group of land reform beneficiaries in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal: Analysis and policy recommendations," Agrekon, Agricultural Economics Association of South Africa (AEASA), vol. 43(1), pages 1-15, March.
    10. Karaan, Mohammad, 2003. "An Institutional Economic Appraisal Of Worker Equity Schemes In Agriculture:," 2003 Annual Conference, October 2-3, 2003, Pretoria, South Africa 19094, Agricultural Economics Association of South Africa (AEASA).
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    Cited by:

    1. Lyne, Michael C. & Ferrer, Stuart R.D., 2006. "Farmland transfers in KwaZulu-Natal, 1997-2003: A focus on land redistribution including restitution," Agrekon, Agricultural Economics Association of South Africa (AEASA), vol. 45(3), pages 1-18, September.

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    Keywords

    Food Security and Poverty;

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