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From Internal to International Migration in Romania – Continuity and Spatial Differentiation

Author

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  • Ionel MUNTELE
  • Raluca-Ioana HOREA-ȘERBAN

Abstract

The study proposes a set of analyses on the evolution of the migration balance of Romania’s population over a wide time interval, fully covering the period dominated by the communist regime (1948-1989) and the last three decades marked by the transition to a market economy. The aim is to differentiate the typology of the time and space distribution of the mentioned indicator and to test a set of explanatory factors, for each of the two distinct periods. The typological and factor analyses applied led to results that largely confirm the hypothesis of a continuity between the massive internal migration during the communist regime and the more complex migration in recent decades. At the same time, the profound changes in the incidence of certain explanatory factors certify a complete restructuring of the migration system in Romania after 1990. The massive migration from rural to urban areas, brought about by positional or socio-economic factors, was gradually replaced after the fall of the communist regime by a strong labour emigration, an effect of deindustrialization. The stimulation of the periurbanization process, by changing the way of life, introduced new variables in the functioning of the migration system, in keeping with the specific evolutions of the contemporary era.

Suggested Citation

  • Ionel MUNTELE & Raluca-Ioana HOREA-ȘERBAN, 2021. "From Internal to International Migration in Romania – Continuity and Spatial Differentiation," Eastern European Journal for Regional Studies (EEJRS), Center for Studies in European Integration (CSEI), Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova (ASEM), vol. 7(2), pages 5-26, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:aem:journl:v:7:y:2021:i:2:p:5-26
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.53486/2537-6179.7-2.01
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Goschin, Zizi, 2016. "Main Determinants of Romanian Emigration. A Regional Perspective," MPRA Paper 88829, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Daniela BUNEA, 2012. "Modern Gravity Models of Internal Migration. The Case of Romania," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania / Editura Economica, vol. 0(4(569)), pages 127-144, April.
    5. Mioara BORZA & Camelia SOPONARU, 2017. "The Socio-Demographic Changes in Romania: an Analysis from the Human Development Perspective," Eastern European Journal for Regional Studies (EEJRS), Center for Studies in European Integration (CSEI), Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova (ASEM), vol. 3(1), pages 1-108, June.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    mobility transition; territorial disparities; migratory system; changing trends; predictors; Romania.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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