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Die fiskalische Wirkung von Steuersatzsenkungen, Abschreibungsvergünstigungen und Investitionsprämien in Krisenzeiten: Eine quantitative Analyse in Bezug auf deutsche Kapitalgesellschaften

Author

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  • Boie-Wegener, Matti
  • Koch, Reinald
  • Oestreicher, Andreas
  • Schön, Lena

Abstract

Wir zeigen, wie sich die fiskalischen Wirkungen einer Steuersatzsenkung, Abschreibungsvergünstigung und Investitionsprämie über einen Zeitraum, der durch eine Ergebniskrise geprägt ist, voneinander unterscheiden. Deutlich wird, dass eine Körperschaftsteuersenkung um fünf Prozentpunkte die finanziellen Entlastungswirkungen der Einführung einer degressiven Abschreibung oder der im Barwert zur Abschreibungsvergünstigung äquivalenten Investitionsprämie um ein Mehrfaches übersteigt. Im Vergleich zur Entlastungswirkung, die die Einführung einer Abschreibungsvergünstigung mit sich bringt, treten die Entlastungswirkungen einer Investitionsprämie schneller ein und wirken sich auch auf Verlustunternehmen aus, während die Wirkungen einer Steuersatzsenkung und Abschreibungsvergünstigung von den Regelungen der interperiodischen Verlustverrechnung abhängig sind. Die Abstände zwischen der Steuersatzsenkung, Abschreibungsvergünstigung und Investitionsprämie verkürzen sich, wenn die Investitionswirkungen berücksichtigt werden, die mit diesen Entlastungsmaßnahmen verbunden sind. Dabei hängt die Investitionswirkung einer Investitionsprämie von ihrer Ausgestaltung ab. Wird sie durch eine Kürzung der Anschaffungs- oder Herstellungskosten finanziert, sind die Investitionswirkungen einer im Barwert äquivalenten Investitionsprämie mit denen der degressiven Abschreibung weitgehend deckungsgleich, wenngleich letztere auch bei Verlustunternehmen Wirkung entfaltet. Wird die Investitionsprämie in Form eines Nettozuschusses geleistet, hat die Investitionsprämie eine über den Begünstigungszeitraum nachhaltigere Wirkung.

Suggested Citation

  • Boie-Wegener, Matti & Koch, Reinald & Oestreicher, Andreas & Schön, Lena, 2024. "Die fiskalische Wirkung von Steuersatzsenkungen, Abschreibungsvergünstigungen und Investitionsprämien in Krisenzeiten: Eine quantitative Analyse in Bezug auf deutsche Kapitalgesellschaften," ZEW Discussion Papers 24-008, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:zewdip:283616
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Steuerliche Investitionsanreize; Investitionsprämie; Steuersatzsenkung; Abschreibung;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies
    • H71 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - State and Local Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue

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