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Zuwanderer und Zuwanderinnen aus Polen in Berlin in den 90er Jahren: Thesen über Auswirkungen der Migrationspolitiken auf ihre Arbeitsmarktsituation und Netzwerke

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  • Miera, Frauke

Abstract

Im vorliegenden Papier werden die seit 1989 gegenüber Polen neu ausgestalteten bundesdeutschen Migrationspolitiken systematisiert. Folgende potentiellen Migrationswege im Spektrum zwischen Niederlassung, neuer 'Gastarbeit' und Prekarisierung werden aufgeschlüsselt: Zu- oder Pendelwanderung von (Spät)aussiedlerInnen und deutschen Staatsangehörigen polnischer Herkunft, Familiennachziehenden und HeiratsmigrantInnen, UnternehmensgründerInnen, Gast-, Werkvertrags-, SaisonarbeitnehmerInnen und GrenzgängerInnen sowie von (erwerbstätigen) TouristInnen bzw. prekarisierten MigrantInnen. Die verschiedenen Formen der Pendelmigration und der prekarisierten Migration sowie die besonders für Frauen typische Heiratsmigration werden als Resultate der restriktiven Zuwanderungspolitiken interpretiert. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Frage danach, wie sich die Migrationspolitiken auf die Erfordernisse und Möglichkeiten der neuen MigrantInnen bei der Arbeitsmarktintegration in Berlin sowie auf die Strukturen und Funktionen ihrer Netzwerke auswirken. Thesenartig wird herausgearbeitet, daß die Politiken erstens spezifische Netzwerkstrukturen fördern können, die den rechtlich festgelegten Statusgruppen entsprechen. Zweitens können die institutionellen Regelungen bestehende soziale Beziehungsgeflechte beeinflussen, indem sie hier Hierarchien und Machtverhältnisse verfestigen. Abschließend wird zur Diskussion gestellt, welche Potentiale sozialen Kapitals aus diesen Netzwerken erwachsen können.

Suggested Citation

  • Miera, Frauke, 1996. "Zuwanderer und Zuwanderinnen aus Polen in Berlin in den 90er Jahren: Thesen über Auswirkungen der Migrationspolitiken auf ihre Arbeitsmarktsituation und Netzwerke," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Organization and Employment FS I 96-106, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:wzboem:fsi96106
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    1. Quack, Sigrid, 1994. ""Da muß man sich durch einen langen, dunklen Tunnel tasten...": zur beruflichen Eingliederung von Aussiedlerinnen und Aussiedlern in Deutschland," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, pages 250-269.
    2. Folbre, Nancy, 1986. "Cleaning house : New perspectives on Households and Economic Development," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 5-40, June.
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    1. Hillmann, Felicitas, 1998. "Türkische Unternehmerinnen und Beschäftigte im Berliner ethnischen Gewerbe," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Organization and Employment FS I 98-107, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.

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