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Regulierungswettbewerb und Innovation in der chemischen Industrie

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  • Fleischer, Manfred

Abstract

Europa, Japan und die USA verwirklichen den Schutz von Mensch und Umwelt vor möglichen schädlichen Wirkungen von Chemikalien mit sehr unterschiedlichen Regulierungsstrategien. Da die Regulierungssysteme auch Produktivität und Innovationsbereitschaft der Unternehmen beeinflussen, wird in diesem Beitrag untersucht, ob nationale Gesetzgeber mit dem Chemikalienrecht in einem Regulierungswettbewerb um mobile Produktionsfaktoren wie Kapital konkurrieren. Es wird überprüft, ob der Prozeß der Globalisierung zu einer kreativen Suche nach effizienterem und effektiverem Chemikalienrecht führt und damit langfristig einen harmonisierungsähnlichen Effekt dieses Rechts bewirkt oder ob die Gegenthese gilt, daß der Wettbewerb der Staaten im Globalisierungsprozeß ein „race to the bottom beinhaltet, d.h. eine Abwärtsentwicklung zu niedrigeren Sicherheitsstandards bewirkt. Dabei werden Aussagen zur Struktur und zu den Wirkungen der Neustoff-Regulierung des Chemikalienrechts theoretisch abgeleitet und empirisch überprüft. Die empirische Analyse stützte sich auf einen Vergleich der Rechtsvorschriften und eine eigens für die Analyse aufgebaute Datenbank mit Daten aus den Geschäftsberichten europäischer, japanischer und amerikanischer Chemieunternehmen.

Suggested Citation

  • Fleischer, Manfred, 2001. "Regulierungswettbewerb und Innovation in der chemischen Industrie," Discussion Papers, various Research Units FS IV 01-09, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:wzbdiv:fsiv0109
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Albach, Horst & Audretsch, David B. & Fleischer, Manfred & Greb, Robert & Höfs, Evelyn & Röller, Lars-Hendrik & Schulz, Ines, 1996. "Innovation in the European chemical industry," Discussion Papers, various Research Units FS IV 96-26, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
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    1. Frohwein, Torsten, 2003. "Die Porter-Hypothese im Lichte der Neuordnung europäischer Chemikalienregulierung: Does it hold?," UFZ Discussion Papers 7/2003, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Division of Social Sciences (ÖKUS).
    2. Nordbeck, Ralf & Faust, Michael, 2002. "European chemicals regulation and its effect on innovation: An assessment of the EU's White Paper on the strategy for a future chemicals policy," UFZ Discussion Papers 4/2002, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Division of Social Sciences (ÖKUS).

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