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Globalisierung oder Integration. Korrespondenzprobleme bei der empirischen Erfassung von Globalisierungsprozessen

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  • Kessler, Johannes

Abstract

Gängige Indikatoren zur empirischen Erfassung des Phänomens Globalisierung sind Indikatoren der ökonomischen Integration, beispielsweise der Offenheitsgrad im Außenhandel. Die Validität dieser sowie vom Autor alternativ vorgeschlagener Indikatoren zur Messung des Globalisierungsniveaus wird geprüft. Dafür ist eine präzise Definition des Begriffs Globalisierung erforderlich. Als konsensfähiger Bedeutungsgehalt des Begriffs Globalisierung wird die Zunahme und geographische Ausdehnung grenzüberschreitender sozialer Interaktion identifiziert. Die Prüfung der Validität der gebräuchlichen Indikatoren sowie der alternativ vorgeschlagenen, pro Kopf standardisierten Globalisierungsindikatoren basiert im empirischen Teil auf Daten von 148 Nationalstaaten aus dem Jahr 2000 und erfolgt in drei Schritten. Die Analysen der Inhaltsvalidität, der Konvergenz- und Diskriminanzvalidität sowie der Konstruktvalidität zeigen übereinstimmend, dass die gängigen Indikatoren der ökonomischen Integration für die Messung des Globalisierungsniveaus nicht ausreichend valide sind. Das Phänomen Globalisierung wurde auf globaler Maßstabsebene bisher nicht ausreichend valide erfasst. Die Ergebnisse entsprechender Studien sind problembehaftet. Da die alternativ vorgeschlagenen Globalisierungsindikatoren das Kriterium der Validität erfüllen, wird das identifizierte Korrespondenzproblem zwischen theoretischem Konstrukt und empirischen Indikatoren zufrieden stellend gelöst. Zugleich ist der vorliegende Beitrag ein Plädoyer für eine künftige theoretische und empirische Differenzierung zwischen den Konstrukten Globalisierung und Integration.

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  • Kessler, Johannes, 2007. "Globalisierung oder Integration. Korrespondenzprobleme bei der empirischen Erfassung von Globalisierungsprozessen," TranState Working Papers 53, University of Bremen, Collaborative Research Center 597: Transformations of the State.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:sfb597:53
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