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Zu den Ursachen der jüngsten Ölpreisentwicklungen

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  • Jannsen, Nils
  • Plödt, Martin

Abstract

Nach dem starken Rückgang im zweiten Halbjahr 2014 ist der Rohölpreis für ein Barrel der Sorte Brent in den letzten Monaten erneut drastisch gefallen. Der reale Ölpreis notierte zum Jahreswechsel auf dem niedrigsten Stand seit dem Jahr 2003. Zwar ist ein solcher Ölpreisrückgang für sich genommen günstig für erdölimportierende Volkswirtschaften, allerdings geht er nicht notwendigerweise mit einer Beschleunigung der Konjunktur einher. Maßgeblich für die Wirkung von Ölpreisänderungen auf die Konjunktur ist, ob die zugrundeliegenden Ursachen für Ölpreisänderungen eher angebots- oder nachfrageseitig sind. Geht der Ölpreisrückgang beispielsweise auf eine schwächere Nachfrage infolge einer schwächeren Weltkonjunktur zurück, so dämpfen die niedrigeren Ölpreise die Abschwächung in erdölimportierenden Volkswirtschaften zwar, letztlich expandiert das Bruttoinlandsprodukt jedoch in langsamerem Tempo. Dieser Effekt dürfte umso ausgeprägter sein, je stärker eine Volkswirtschaft vom Außenhandel abhängt. Geht der Ölpreisrückgang jedoch auf eine Ausweitung der Ölproduktion zurück, so dürfte er die Konjunktur anregen. Eine Quantifizierung der jeweiligen Angebots- und Nachfragefaktoren ist daher von entscheidender Bedeutung; sie basiert aber zwangsläufig auf verschiedenen Annahmen und ist mit großer Unsicherheit behaftet.

Suggested Citation

  • Jannsen, Nils & Plödt, Martin, 2016. "Zu den Ursachen der jüngsten Ölpreisentwicklungen," Kiel Insight 2016.1, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifwbox:20161
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kilian, Lutz & Lee, Thomas K., 2014. "Quantifying the speculative component in the real price of oil: The role of global oil inventories," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 71-87.
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    6. Herwartz, Helmut & Plödt, Martin, 2016. "The macroeconomic effects of oil price shocks: Evidence from a statistical identification approach," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 30-44.
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    2. Gern, Klaus-Jürgen & Hauber, Philipp & Kooths, Stefan & Stolzenburg, Ulrich, 2016. "Weltkonjunktur im Winter 2016 - Weltkonjunktur expandiert allmählich etwas stärker [World Economy Winter 2016 - World economy is gaining traction]," Kieler Konjunkturberichte 25, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).

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