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Counting Missing Women - A Reconciliation of the 'Flow Measure' and the 'Stock Measure'

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Listed:
  • Ebert, Cara
  • Klasen, Stephan
  • Vollmer, Sebastian

Abstract

'Stock estimates' of missing women suggest that the problem is concentrated in South and East Asia and among young children. In contrast, 'flow estimates' suggest that gender bias in mortality is much larger, is as severe among adults as it is among children in India and China, and is larger in Sub-Saharan Africa than in India and China. We show that the different stock and flow measure results rely on the choice of the reference standard for mortality and an incomplete correction for different disease environments in the flow measure. Alternative reference standards reconcile the results of the two measures.

Suggested Citation

  • Ebert, Cara & Klasen, Stephan & Vollmer, Sebastian, 2022. "Counting Missing Women - A Reconciliation of the 'Flow Measure' and the 'Stock Measure'," I4R Discussion Paper Series 9, The Institute for Replication (I4R).
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:i4rdps:9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Missing women; gender bias; mortality; disease; age; Sub-Saharan Africa; China; India;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General

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