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Convergence of Income Among Provinces in Canada – An Application of GMM Estimation

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Abstract

This paper tests for unconditional and conditional income convergence among provinces in Canada during the period 1981-2001. We apply the first-differenced GMM estimation technique to the dynamic Solow growth model and compare the results with the other panel data approaches such as fixed and random effects. The method used in this paper accounts for not only province-specific initial technology levels but also for the heterogeneity of the technological progress rate between the ‘richer’ and ‘not so richer’ provinces of Canada. One of the findings of the paper is that the Canadian provinces do not share a common technology progress rate and a homogeneous production function. The findings of the study suggest a convergence rate of around 6% to 6.5% p.a. whereas the previous studies using OLS and other techniques reported a convergence rate of around 1.05 % for per capita GDP and 2.89% p.a. for personal disposable income among Canadian provinces.

Suggested Citation

  • Mukesh Ralhan & Ajit Dayanandan, 2005. "Convergence of Income Among Provinces in Canada – An Application of GMM Estimation," Econometrics Working Papers 0502, Department of Economics, University of Victoria.
    • Handle: RePEc:vic:vicewp:0502
    Note: ISSN 1485-6441
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    File URL: https://www.uvic.ca/socialsciences/economics/_assets/docs/econometrics/ewp0502.pdf
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    Cited by:

    1. Evan Capeluck, 2014. "Convergence Across Provincial Economies in Canada: Trends, Drivers, and Implications," CSLS Research Reports 2014-03, Centre for the Study of Living Standards.
    2. Simplice A Asongu, 2013. "On the Obituary of Scientific Knowledge Monopoly," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 33(4), pages 2718-2731.
    3. Monica Raileanu Szeles & Rodrigo Mendieta Muñoz, 2016. "Analyzing the Regional Economic Convergence in Ecuador. Insights from Parametric and Nonparametric Models," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(2), pages 43-65, June.
    4. Alexander Bilson Darku, 2011. "The impact of trade liberalization and the fiscal equalization transfer policy on provincial income disparities in Canada: an application of GMM estimation," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(13), pages 1679-1689.
    5. Kathavate, Jay, 2013. "Direct & Indirect Effects of Aid Volatility on Growth: Do Stronger Institutions Play a Role?," MPRA Paper 45187, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Provincial convergence; Canada; Panel data; GMM;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C14 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General
    • H4 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods
    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General
    • O41 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
    • O53 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Asia including Middle East

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