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Participación Laboral Femenina en Chile

Author

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  • Dante Contreras
  • Gonzalo Plaza

Abstract

Este artículo analiza los determinantes de la participación femenina en el mercado laboral chileno. En una primera etapa se analizan los determinantes clásicos de la participación; edad, escolaridad, estado civil y el número de hijos. Este estudio corrobora resultados de trabajos anteriores respecto a los efectos de estas variables sobre la participación femenina. Es decir, se encuentra que a mayor escolaridad, mayor es la participación de la mujer, a su vez, a mayor edad, mayor es la participación, pero dicho efecto crece a tasas decrecientes. Mujeres casadas o convivientes exhiben una menor participación. La evidencia también sugiere que el número de hijos se relaciona negativamente con la decisión de participar en el mercado del trabajo. En segundo lugar, el artículo contribuye con evidencia respecto a características culturales sobre la participación femenina: grado de machismo y valores. La evidencia indica que a mayor grado de machismo en el entorno de la mujer, menor será la participación en el mercado del trabajo. Adicionalmente, mientras más conservadora es la mujer en temas valóricos, menor es también su participación. Por último, los factores culturales en conjunto más que compensan el efecto positivo de las variables de capital humano. La existencia de estos factores culturales explicaría la baja participación femenina en Chile a pesar de buenos indicadores de educación.

Suggested Citation

  • Dante Contreras & Gonzalo Plaza, 2007. "Participación Laboral Femenina en Chile," Working Papers wp235, University of Chile, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:udc:wpaper:wp235
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Pagan,Adrian & Ullah,Aman, 1999. "Nonparametric Econometrics," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521355643, September.
    2. repec:dau:papers:123456789/1560 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Gary Fields & Paul Cichello & Samuel Freije & Marta Menéndez & David Newhouse, 2003. "For Richer or for Poorer? Evidence from Indonesia, South Africa, Spain, and Venezuela," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 1(1), pages 67-99, April.
    4. Bound, John & Brown, Charles & Duncan, Greg J & Rodgers, Willard L, 1994. "Evidence on the Validity of Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Labor Market Data," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 12(3), pages 345-368, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. World Bank, 2007. "Chile - County Gender Assessment : Expanding Women's Work Choices to Enhance Chile's Economic Potential," World Bank Publications - Reports 7639, The World Bank Group.
    2. Dewin Pérez Fuentes & Nallydis Hernandez Miranda & Grace Angulo Pico, 2014. "Participación femenina en el mercado laboral de Cartagena, 2008 - 2013," Revista Economía y Región, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, vol. 8(1), pages 5-29, June.
    3. Juan Carlos García & Patricia Cortez, 2012. "Análisis de la participación laboral de la mujer en el mercado ecuatoriano," Analítika, Analítika - Revista de Análisis Estadístico/Journal of Statistical Analysis, vol. 4(2), pages 27-53, Diciembre.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Tasa de participación femenina; normas sociales; cultura; machismo.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J2 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor
    • Z1 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics

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